Chemical bonds and types of bonding

Question 1

What are compounds?

Answer 1

substances in which 2 or more elements are chemically combined.

Question 2

What are the 3 types of chemical bonds?

Answer 2

Ionic, Covalent and Metallic

Question 3

What is ionic bonding?

Answer 3

• particles are oppositely charged ions
• occurs in compounds formed from metals combined with non-metals
• electrons in the outer shell of the metal atom are transferred
• shown with dot and cross diagram

Question 4

What is covalent bonding?

Answer 4

• occurs in most non-metal elements and compounds
• covalent bonding is when atoms share one or more pairs of electrons
• giant covalent structures consist of many atoms covalently bonded in a lattice structure (such as diamond)
• shown with dot and cross diagram

Question 5

What is metallic bonding?

Answer 5

• occurs in metallic elements and alloys
• the bonding consists of positive ions and delocalised electrons
• delocalised electrons are free to move through the structure and are arranged in a regular pattern
• the delocalised electrons are shared through the structure so metallic bonds are strong.

Question 6

What are positive ions?

Answer 6

atoms that have lost electrons

Question 7

What are negative ions?

Answer 7

ions that have gained electrons

Question 8

What are polymers?

Answer 8

large covalently bonded molecules

Question 9

What is an ion?

Answer 9

an atom that has gained or lost electrons

Question 10

What are ionic compounds?

Answer 10

• a giant structure of ions
• held together by strong electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions
• the structure is 3D so the forces act in every direction