Chemical Bonds

Question 1

Electronegativity

Answer 1

The ability of an element to attract the electrons in a covalent bond (sharing bond) . The 3 most electronegativity NOF

Question 2

Octant role

Answer 2

Every atom wants to complete its valance shell with 8 electrons.
2 in the s sub shell
6 in the p sub shell
In order to so atoms will give take and share electrons.

Question 3

Intramolecure bonds

Answer 3

Ionic, Covalent (polar/non polar),Metallic ,

Question 4

Ionic bond

Answer 4

Metal (+) and non metal (-).
Bond between metal cation and non metal anion.
Base of electrostatic (charge) attraction.

Question 5

Rules of ionic bonds

Answer 5

1. Chargers must equalized each other
2. All unit bonds creat salts
3. The non metal risive the suffix “ide” (presents negativity )
   The metal resive the elements name

Question 6

Covalent bond

Answer 6

Bond between 2 non metals sharing electron pair.
Non polar - when 2 non metals with the same electro negativity shares electron . The electron are distribute equally. Polarity not created .
(O=O;f-f;N=-N)

Polar- when 2 atones with different electro negativity shares electron, polarity is created since the electrons are attracted to the element with more electro negativity. Not every polar Coventry bond create polar molecule.
(Ch4 ClH)

Dative bond- when the positive hydrogen is attracted and bonded to lone pair of electrons (מתחבר לאלקטרונים בזוג אלקטרונים חופשיים
Example- Amonia that becomes Arminian ion )
NH3> NH4+

Question 7

Metallic bond

Answer 7

Metal+metal
Bond between metals especially of the D block. The metals realise all their valance shell electrons to the favore of the group. Metallic bond is responsible for the characteristics of metals( solid and shiny)

Question 8

Hydrogen bonds

Answer 8

Created when hydrogen covalently connected with one of the N O F elements is attracted to an other N O F elements on a different molecule.
Example water.
N/O/F ~ h ~ N/O/F

Question 9

Van deer vale’s bonds

Answer 9

1.Dipole
Polar molecules are attracted to one and other as the positive side of one molecule is attracted to the negative side of other molecule ?

2. London forces
   Weak interaction between non polar molecule. Base on momentary polarity created by the movements of electrons (air)

Question 10

Hydrophobic interactions

Answer 10

When non polar molecules are found in polar environment the non polar molecules will look for each other to aggravate and minimize connection with the polar environment . ( oil in water).