Chemical Bonding Flashcards
What type of bond is formed when electrons are transferred from one atom to another?
Ionic bond
What type of bond involves the sharing of electrons between atoms?
Covalent bond
How many covalent bonds are present in a molecule of CH₄?
Four covalent bonds
Write the formula of the ionic compound formed between Na⁺ and O²⁻.
Na₂O
What is a lone pair of electrons?
A pair of valence electrons not involved in bonding
What kind of bond exists in O₂ molecules?
Double covalent bond
What is the electronic configuration of a Cl⁻ ion?
2, 8, 8
What is the name of the compound with the formula CaCl₂?
Calcium chloride
Why do ionic compounds have high melting points?
Strong electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions
What is the formula of the compound formed between Al³⁺ and O²⁻ ions?
Al₂O₃
What type of structure and bonding does diamond have?
Giant covalent structure with covalent bonding
Why do covalent compounds have low melting and boiling points?
Weak intermolecular forces of attraction
What is a coordinate bond?
A covalent bond where both electrons are provided by one atom
What is the bonding type in a water molecule (H₂O)?
Covalent bonding
Name the bond formed between hydrogen and chlorine atoms in HCl.
Covalent bond
What happens to electrons in ionic bonding?
Electrons are transferred from one atom to another (e.g., gain or loss)
Which type of bond is found in nitrogen gas (N₂)?
Triple covalent bond
Write the formula of the ionic compound formed between Mg²⁺ and SO₄²⁻.
MgSO₄
What is the charge of the ion formed when an atom of oxygen gains two electrons?
2⁻
State the type of bond in ammonia (NH₃).
Covalent bond
Why do ionic compounds conduct electricity when molten but not when solid?
Ions are free to move in the molten state but not in the solid state
Write the electron configuration of a sodium ion (Na⁺).
2, 8
What is the name of the compound with the formula KCl?
Potassium chloride
What is the formula of the compound formed between Ba²⁺ and NO₃⁻ ions?
Ba(NO₃)₂
How does ionic bonding differ from covalent bonding in terms of electron movement?
Ionic: Electrons are transferred; Covalent: Electrons are shared.
Write the formula of the compound formed between Ba²⁺ and NO₃⁻ ions.
Ba(NO₃)₂
Write the formula of the ionic compound formed between Fe³⁺ and Cl⁻ ions.
FeCl₃
Write the formula of the ionic compound formed between Fe³⁺ and Cl⁻ ions.
FeCl₃
Why do simple covalent molecules not conduct electricity?
They do not have free-moving charged particles (ions or electrons).
What type of bonding is found in carbon dioxide (CO₂)?
Covalent bonding
