Chemical bonding Flashcards
What is chemical bonding ?
when atoms react in order to get a full outer shell.This gives them more stability. Atoms can get a full outer shell by sharing, loosing or gaining electrons.
how are atoms joined together ?
Atoms are joined together by chemical bonds. Each bond has chemical energy and 2 electrons.
How are molecules and compounds formed ?
when atoms are joined together by chemical bonds.
What is a molecule ?
a molecule is a substance made up of 2 or more atoms held together by a chemical bond
What is a compound ?
a compund is a substance made up of 2 or more DIFFERENT atoms held together by chemical bonds.
How many types of chemical bonds are there and what are their names ?
There are 2 types of chemical bonds, ionic bonds and covalent bonds.
What are ions ?
Ions are charged atoms that have either lost or gained electrons in order to get a full outer shell.
what is the difference between a natural atoms and an ion ?
natural atoms have the same number of protons and electrons so the positive and negative charges cancel each other out while in an ion electrons have either been lost or gained to get a stable electronic configuration.
what is the order of stability ?
full outer shell
full outer sublevel
half filled outer sublevel
what happens when atoms loose or gain electrons ?
If an atom looses electrons it will become a positively charged ion because it has more protons than electrons, it has gained positive charges.
if an atom gains electrons it will become a negatively charged ion because it has more electrons than protons, it has gained negative charges.
Why are ions still reactive despite their filled outer shell or sublevels?
even though ions have filled outer shell and subleves they are still reactive because of their charges. They will look for oppositevly charged ions so that their charges can balance out and they can form stable molecules with an overall charge of 0.
What does the group number of the Periodic Table tell us ?
we can use the periodic table to predict the type of ion an atom will be as the group number tells us the amount of electrons in the outer-shell of an atom.
how is it decided wether an atom will form a positive or negative ion ?
wether an atom formes a positive or negative ion is decided by which option requires less energy.
What are ionic bonds ?
ionic bonds are strong attractions between oppositely charged ions
what is ionic bonding ?
ionic bonding is when atoms loose or gains electrons in order to have a full outer shell
