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chemical bonding Flashcards

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1
Q

what types of bonds do diatomic elements make?

A

pure covalent/ non-polar-covalent

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2
Q

what type of model in metallic bonding?

A

sea of electrons (free electron model)

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3
Q

conductivity, thermal conductivity and hardness…

A

increase moving across a period

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4
Q

structure of ionic bond

A

lattice (crystal)

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5
Q

EN for ionic bonds

A

Delta EN > 1.7

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6
Q

are ionic bonds brittle or soft?

A

brittle

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7
Q

define intramolecular forces

A

forces within molecule/element interaction

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8
Q

Define intermolecular forces

A

forces between molecules

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9
Q

do covalent bonds conduct electricity?

A

no with the exception of acids and bases

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10
Q

EN for polar

A

EN = 0.5 - 1.7

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11
Q

EN for non-polar

A

EN < 0.5

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12
Q

when does the central atom have more than 8 valence electrons?

A

PCl5 and XeF4-

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13
Q

when does the central atom have less than 8 valence electrons?

A

BH3-

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14
Q

when does a molecule contain an odd number of non-bonding electrons?

A

NO

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15
Q

what is a cordinate covalent bond?

A

when both electrons in the bond are donated by the same atom

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16
Q

what are the 4 intramolecular forces?

A
  • London dispersion
  • dipole-dipole
  • hydrogen bond
  • electrostatic forces
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17
Q

what bonds have London dispersion forces?

A

diatomic or non-polar covalent

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18
Q

what bonds have dipole-dipole forces?

A

polar covalent bonds with partial charge change

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19
Q

what elements create hydrogen bond forces when combined with hydrogen?

A

oxygen, nitrogen or fluorine

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20
Q

what type of force is hydrogen bonds?

A

special dipole-dipole

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21
Q

what bonds have electrostatic forces?

A

ionic bonds

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22
Q

how do you find the bond type?

A

change in electronegativity

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23
Q

how do you find the type of intramolecular forces?

A

looking at the type of bond

24
Q

non polar or polar molecule: linear diatomic?

A

non-polar

25
Q

non polar or polar molecule: linear - two different elements?

A

polar

26
Q

non polar or polar molecule: linear - X-A-X format?

A

non-polar

27
Q

non polar or polar molecule: bent/angular with unshared pairs?

A

polar

28
Q

non polar or polar molecule: trigonal planar?

A

non-polar

29
Q

non polar or polar molecule: trigonal pyramidal?

A

polar

30
Q

non polar or polar molecule: tetrahedral?

A

non-polar

31
Q

how to tell if vsepr is non-polar or polar?

A

if E is not 0 it is polar

32
Q

ionic bond melting/boiling point

A

high

33
Q

metallic atom melting/boiling point

A

high

34
Q

non-polar covalent melting/boiling point

A

low

35
Q

polar molecules melting/boiling point

A

low

36
Q

covalent networks boiling/melting point

A

very high

37
Q

ionic electrical conductivity

A

good when dissolved in water or melted

38
Q

metallic electrical conductivity

A

great in solid and liquid

39
Q

non-polar covalent electrical conductivity

A

poor

40
Q

polar covalent molecule electrical conductivity

A

poor

41
Q

covalent network electrical conductivity

A

poor - graphite is an exception

42
Q

ionic thermal conductivity

A

poor

43
Q

Metallic Thermal Conductivity

A

good

44
Q

non-polar Thermal Conductivity

A

poor

45
Q

polar Thermal Conductivity

A

poor

46
Q

covalent networks thermal conductivity

A

poor

47
Q

ionic state at room temperature

A

solid

48
Q

metallic state at room temperature

A

solid to liquid

49
Q

non-polar state at room temperature

A

solid, liquid or gas

50
Q

polar state at room temperature

A

solid, liquid or gas

51
Q

covalent networks state at room temperature

A

solid

52
Q

intramolecular forces from greatest to weakest

A

electrostatic, hydrogen bonding, dipole-dipole, London dispersion

53
Q

why do different compounds have different boiling points?

A

it depends on the intramolecular forces

54
Q

how do intramolecular forces affect boiling points?

A

the stronger the force, the higher the boiling point

55
Q

Why are ionic compounds brittle?

A

Ionic compounds are brittle due to the strong bond between the positive and negative ions that make up the molecules. Applying pressure shifts the alignment of the ions and results in brittleness.

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