Chemical Basis of Life

Question 1

carbohydrates

Answer 1

used for energy storage, cell structure, and in modifying other macromolecules

Question 2

function of glycogen

Answer 2

storage in eukaryotes

Question 3

function of starch

Answer 3

storage in plants

Question 4

function of cellulose

Answer 4

plant cell wall

Question 5

lipids

Answer 5

dissolve in organic solvents but not water

Question 6

fats

Answer 6

triacylglycerol= glycerol linked to 3 fatty acids by ester bonds

Question 7

phospholipid

Answer 7

glycerol linked to 2 fatty acids and one phosphate

amphiphatic

Question 8

steroids

Answer 8

cholesterol and hormones

Question 9

nucleic acids

Answer 9

encode genetic info, DNA, RNA, ATP, GTP

Question 10

proteins

Answer 10

carry out most cellular activities

Question 11

primary structure

Answer 11

sequence of amino acids

Question 12

secondary structure

Answer 12

folding of amino acid chain into a helix or b pleated sheet

Question 13

tertiary structure

Answer 13

conformation of whole protein, stabilized by non-covalent bonds between different parts of protein

Question 14

quaternary structure

Answer 14

multi subunit protein

Question 15

first law of thermodynamics

Answer 15

energy can’t be created of destroyed but it can move around or change form

Question 16

second law of thermodynamics

Answer 16

spontaneous tendency toward disorder