Chemical and Physical Basis of Life

Question 1

The volume relation of the weight of any object.

Answer 1

Specific gravity

Question 2

Keep particles of the same kind together

Answer 2

Cohesion

Question 3

Those of different kinds

Answer 3

Adhesion

Question 4

The cohesion of molecules at the surface of a body of water produces an elastic skin like effect.

Answer 4

Surface Tension

Question 5

Energy may be manifested in 5 ways:

Answer 5

Motion
Heat
Chemical Reactions
Electric current
Light

Question 6

When one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another

Answer 6

Ionic bond

Question 7

When electrons are shared

Answer 7

Covalent bond

Question 8

Any one element that differ in mass

Answer 8

isotopes

Question 9

Any chemical compound which will dissociate into ions in water.

Answer 9

Electrolyte

Question 10

A mixture of a fluid and fine droplets of another liquid

Answer 10

Emulsion

Question 11

A random movement of microscopic particles suspended in liquids or gases resulting from the impact of molecules of the surrounding medium. This is by Robert Brown.

Answer 11

Brownian movement

Question 12

The movement of molecules from places with higher concentration to lower concentration

Answer 12

Diffusion

Question 13

The formation of new bonds. These are reactions that connect monomers

Answer 13

Condensation Reactions/Dehydration Reactions

Question 14

Reactions that disassembled polymers into monomers. It means “to break with water.”

Answer 14

Hydrolysis

Question 15

It attaches to one monomer

Answer 15

Hydroxyl

Question 16

It attaches to another monomer

Answer 16

Hydrogen

Question 17

It consists of carbon and at least one hydrogen atom

Answer 17

Organic Compounds

Question 18

They are covalently bonded to carbon backbones add enormously to the structural and functional diversity of organic compounds, cells and multicelled organisms

Answer 18

Functional Groups

Question 19

The most abundant of the biological structures

Answer 19

Carbohydrates

Question 20

The most common form of sugar, composed of glucose and fructose

Answer 20

Sucrose

Question 21

It is present in the milk of mammals. It is composed of glucose and galactose.

Answer 21

Lacrose

Question 22

Any one of various substances that contain fat.

Answer 22

Lipids

Question 23

A kind of lipid with fatty acids which function for energy storage

Answer 23

Glycerides

Question 24

A kind of lipid with fatty acids which is the key component of cell membranes

Answer 24

Phospholipids

Question 25

A kind of lipid with fatty acids which function for the conservation of water in plants

Answer 25

Waxes

Question 26

A kind of lipid with no fatty acids which is a component of animal cell membranes.

Answer 26

Steroids

Question 27

It is composed of one or more polypeptide chains. (20 amino acids/10 AD)

Answer 27

Proteins

Question 28

A subcategory of proteins which has long strands or sheets of polypeptide chains. They give shape.

Answer 28

Fibrous Proteins

Question 29

A subcategory of proteins which has one or more polypeptide chains folded into globular shapes.

Answer 29

Globular Proteins

Question 30

A level of protein structure; unique sequence of amino acids

Answer 30

Primary Structure

Question 31

A level of protein structure; repeated coiling or folding of the primary structure

Answer 31

Secondary structure

Question 32

A level of protein structure; maintained by strong and weak bonds between certain amino acids in the folded chains

Answer 32

Tertiary Structure

Question 33

A level of protein structure; overall protein structure

Answer 33

Quaternary structure

Question 34

Any of various acids that are found in living cells

Answer 34

Nucleic acid