Chemical Analysis Flashcards
Pure substance
1 compound or element not mixed with anything else
What tells you how pure a substance is?
Boiling or melting point
Test for chlorine gas
Bleaches damp litmus paper white
Test for oxygen gas
Glowing splint inside test tube
Oxygen will relight glowing splint
Test for carbon dioxide gas
Bubbling carbon dioxide through limewater causes solution to turn cloudy
Test for hydrogen gas
Hold a burnin splint at open end of a test tube containing hydrogen
“Squeaky pop”
Mobile phase of chromatography
Where molecules can move
Always liquid or gas
Stationary phase of chromatography
Molecules can’t move
Solid of very thick liquid
Rf value calculation
Distance travelled by substance ÷ distance travelled by solvent
B ÷ A
What is the Rf value affected by?
Solvent
What do tests for anions give?
Precipitates
What does dilute acid detect?
Carbonates
What do HCl and Barium Chloride detect?
Sulfates
What do Nitric Acid and Silver Nitrate detect?
Halides
What does a chloride give?
White precipitate
What does a bromide give?
Cream precipitate
What does an iodide give?
Yellow precipitate
What identify metal ions?
Flame tests
What colour flame do lithium ions produce?
Crimson
What colour flame do sodium ions produce?
Yellow
What colour flame do potassium ions produce?
Lilac
What colour flame do calcium ions produce?
Orange-red
What colour flame do copper ions produce?
Green
What colour precipitate do calcium ions produce?
White
