CHEM word questions EXAM 1

Question 1

All matter is ___.

Answer 1

Particulate

Question 2

Atoms bind in specific geometric arrangements to form ___.

Answer 2

molecules

Question 3

The ___ of the molecules determine the properties of that particular matter.

Answer 3

shapes

Question 4

___ is defined as anything that has mass and occupies space.

Answer 4

Matter

Question 5

The shape of molecules determines their ___.

Answer 5

behavior

Question 6

What are the two categories of a pure substance?

Answer 6

Elements and compounds

Question 7

What are the two categories of a mixture?

Answer 7

Heterogenous and homogenous mixtures

Question 8

What are the steps to The Scientific Method?

Answer 8

Define problem> Make observations> record info> classify data> interpret/ make a hypothesis> test the hypothesis> develop a theory> make predictions

Question 9

Who was the first to propose that matter was composed of small, indestructible, particles called “atomos”?

Answer 9

Democritus and his teacher, Leucippus

Question 10

Who was the first “chemist”? (also pioneered the modern scientific method)

Answer 10

Robert Boyle

Question 11

Dalton’s atomic theory of matter explains 3 laws. What are they?

Answer 11

conservation of mass, definite proportion, multiple proportions

Question 12

Who determined the charge-to-mass ratio of the electron as well as used/created the cathode ray tube?

Answer 12

J.J. Thompson

Question 13

Who created the plum pudding model?

Answer 13

J.J. Thompson

Question 14

Who used the “oil drop” experiment?

Answer 14

Robert Millikan

Question 15

What did the “oil drop” experiment determine?

Answer 15

How to find the mass of an electron

Question 16

Who discovered radioactivity?

Answer 16

Becquerel

Question 17

Who conducted the “gold foil” experiment?

Answer 17

Ernest Rutherford

Question 18

What did Rutherford contribute to chemistry with his experiment?

Answer 18

He proved the plum pudding theory incorrect and created the nuclear theory.

Question 19

The nucleus is ___ compared with the overall size of the atom.

Answer 19

small

Question 20

The ___ must be extremely dense to account for almost all of the atom’s mass.

Answer 20

nucleus

Question 21

What are the charges of a proton, neutron, and electron?

Answer 21

+ , neutral, and -

Question 22

The Mars Climate Orbiter was a $125 million mistake, what was the problem?

Answer 22

Mistake in unit conversion; they didn’t convert from lbs/sec to newton/sec

Question 23

What are the two most common unit systems?

Answer 23

Metric and English systems

Question 24

___ = (1 newton of force) x (1 meter distance)

Answer 24

work

Question 25

(1 kg m^2) / s^2

Answer 25

1 Joule (J) or the SI unit for energy

Question 26

(1/2) mv^2 =

Answer 26

Kinetic energy (KE)

Question 27

What is Avogadro’s number?

Answer 27

1 mole of anything = 6.022 x 10^23 units of that thing

Question 28

Is an endothermic process positive or negative?

Answer 28

positive (+) (to symbolize that the energy of the system increased)

Question 29

Is an exothermic process positive or negative?

Answer 29

negative (-) (to symbolize that the energy of the system decreased)

Question 30

High potential energy is ____ stable.

Answer 30

less

Question 31

Low potential energy is ___ stable.

Answer 31

more

Question 32

density equation

Answer 32

d=m/v

Question 33

What are the 4 problem solving strategy steps?

Answer 33

sort, strategize, solve, check

Question 34

How many calories (cal) in a kilocalorie (kcal)?

Answer 34

1000

Question 35

Volume/ ____ = area

Answer 35

thickness
(cm^3/cm)=cm^2

Question 36

Who accounted for the extra mass in the nucleus being neutrons? (discovered the neutron)

Answer 36

Chadwick