chem test Flashcards
oxide
compound formed when an element reacts with oxygen
sources of SO2: natural
- hot springs
sources of SO2: human-made
- coal- fired power plants
- automobiles
sources of NOx: natural
-forest fires
sources of NOx: human-made
-burning of crops
- automobiles
acid
- turns blue litmus paper red
- tastes sour
base
- corrosive
- turns red litmus paper blue
neutral
- does not change red or blue litmus
wet deposition
emissions that contact liquid or solid water dissolve
dry deposition
gases and particulate matter that is absorbed by the earth’s surface
dissociation
separation of a chemical substance into its individual ions in a solution
molecular compounds
high solubility-disperse
low solubility- no effect
all non-metals
ionic compounds
dissolve at least a little in water
metal + non-metal
ionization
process acids undergo in solution (they become ions)
conjugate base
acid-loses proton-conjugate base
conjugate acid
base-gains protons-conjugate acid
acid rain has a pH of
5.6 or lower
factors affecting acid deposition
human activity, forest fires, proximity to a large city
qualitative
non-numerical data like interviews
combustion
“to burn”
quantitative
research focuses on using numerical data such as surveys or experiments
titration
experimental design used to determine the concentration of a substance in solution
scrubbing
removes one gas from a mixture of gases
.
aromatics
hydrocarbons that are arranged in a ring
functional groups
made up of other elements such as oxygen, nitrogen and halogens
DDT
used for mosquito control
PCBs
used in some older electric transformers
toxaphene
used as a pesticide
.
alcohols
group of organic molecules with a hydroxyl group
esters are an important part of
food and cosmetics industry
polyesters
are polymers containing many ester functional groups
VOCs
compounds that vaporize into a gas in the air
pesticides
chemicals designed to kill or limit the growth of pests
