chem test Flashcards
rutherford model
its issues were that the electron would crash into the nuclues and it shoulf emit radiation but didnt
bohr model
the electrons travel around the nucleus of an atom in distinct circular orbits, or shells
emmision spectra
the light energy that comes from electrons from the atom that have been excited due to the environment. it goes up skipping shells then eventually comes back down, each element have different set of wavelengths that cauase it to produce different colors
how does the bohr model justify the emission spectra
when electrons become exxcited they absorb a quantum of energy and jump top higher levels, as electrons return to thier ground state photons are realeased causing visible light. also was able to precit the amount of energy released from hydrogen
quantum
a small amount of an element
photon
a specific bundle of light emmited from an atom
wave mechanical model
The wave-mechanical model says that, instead of well-defined circular orbits, electrons orbit in clouds, and the electrons within the clouds behave like a wave instead of like single electrons.
orbital vs. orbit
the orbits are a fixed path of electrons around the nucleus of an atom, while the orbitals are regions in space around the nucleus of the atom (clouds).
s
circle
p
8
how is the periodic table related to an elements EC
the periodic table was constructed so that elements with similar electron configurations would be aligned into the same groups
all families have the smae number of valance electrons and all groups have the same number of shells
periodic law
When elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number, they share their chemical and physical properties
Representative elements
the outermost elements block s and p, has incomplete outermost shells and is reactive
d
4 circles
f
dumbell shape
cromuim and copper
4s 1 and add one to 3d
ec of ions
For a +1 ion, remove one electron (since the atom has lost one electron).
For a -1 ion, add one electron (since the atom has gained one electron).
dmitri medaleeve
arranged by atomic mass
henry moosely
arranged by atomic number
what happens when metals react
when metals react they lose electrons, the easier it is to lose electrons the more reactive it is.
colobums law and periodic trends
Coulomb’s Law is closely tied to periodic trends in the periodic table because it explains the forces between charged particles (nucleus and electrons) and provides a framework to understand why elements have certain properties
