Chem G/T Chapter 5 Vocab

Question 1

Effective Nuclear Charge

Answer 1

the nuclear charge experienced by an electron when other electrons are shielding the nucleus

Question 2

Shielding effect

Answer 2

describes the balance between the pull of the protons on the valence electrons and the repulsion forces from inner (core) electrons

Question 3

Atomic radius

Answer 3

distance between the center of the nucleus of an atom and the outermost electrons

Question 4

Ionization energy

Answer 4

energy required to remove an electron from an atom

Question 5

Electron Affinity

Answer 5

the energy change that occurs when an atom gains an extra electron

Question 6

Electronegativity

Answer 6

the ability of an atom to attract electrons in a covalent bond

Question 7

Orbital

Answer 7

a region in an atom where there is a high probability of finding electrons

Question 8

Valence electrons

Answer 8

the electrons in the outermost principal quantum number

Question 9

Core electrons

Answer 9

the inner-shell electrons (equivalent to a noble gas)