Chem Exam review

Question 1

What is a mechanical mixture?

Answer 1

Heterogenous=mixture of particles with more than one phase (different substances are visible)

Question 2

What is a homegenous mixture?

Answer 2

Homogeneous=a mixture of particles with only one phase (different substances arent visible)

Question 3

What is a compound

Answer 3

A compound is 2 or more elements in a fixed ratio

Question 4

What is an element?

Answer 4

An element is 1 type of atom

Question 5

What is a pure substance?

Answer 5

A pure substance is made up of only 1 type of particle

Question 6

What is an atom?

Answer 6

A single neutral particle

Question 7

List all quantitative physical properties:

Answer 7

melting point, boiling point, solubility, hardness, electrical conductivity,

Question 8

List all qualitative physical properties:

Answer 8

flexibility, ductility, viscosity, luster,texture, mallebility, tastecolour, clarity, state, odour

Question 9

List all the chemical properties of matter: Property Definition (Meaning)

Answer 9

1. Combustibility Substance react with oxygen
2. Reactivity
   w/water
   Substance reacting w/ water
3. toxicity Substances causing harmful affects
4. stability Ability of substance to remain unchanged
5. Reactivity w/ air,
   acids, other pure
   substances

Question 10

Define Physical Change

Answer 10

Change in substance that does not result in new substance

Question 11

Define Chemical Change

Answer 11

Change in the composition of a substance

Question 12

State three examples of physical change

Answer 12

Solubility
Change in shape/form
Change in state

Question 13

State five clues/evidence of chemical change:

Answer 13

precipitate formed in liquid material New odor or gas bubbles forming
Heat or light produced or absorbed
Hard to reverse
A new colour that hasn’t been there before, formed

Question 14

How do you calculate volume?

Answer 14

M/D

Question 15

How do you calculate mass?

Answer 15

VxD

Question 16

How do you calculate density?

Answer 16

M/V

Question 17

Where is a proton, and what is it’s charge?

Answer 17

The proton is in in the nucleus and has a positive charge

Question 18

Where is a neutron and what is it’s charge?

Answer 18

The neutron is also in the nucleus and has neutral charge

Question 19

Where is an electron, and what is it’s charge?

Answer 19

An electron has negative charge and has a negative charge

Question 20

State at least three physical properties of metals

Answer 20

Metals
-solid
-shiny
-good conductor
- high malleability
-high ductility

Question 21

State at least three properties of non-metals

Answer 21

non-metals
-Mostly gas
-not shiny
-poor conductor
-low malleability
-low ductility

Question 22

State at least 3 properties of ionic compounds

Answer 22

High Melting Point and boiling Point
Electrical conductivity: Ionic compounds conduct electricity when dissolved in water or
Form crystal strucutures

Question 23

What is an ionic compound?

Answer 23

Ionic compounds are compounds made up of ions that form charged particles when an atom (or group of atoms) gains or loses electrons.

Question 24

What is the atomic number?

Answer 24

The number of protons in an element

Question 25

What is the mass number?

Answer 25

Sum of protons and neutrons

Question 26

What is atomic notation?

Question 27

What is an ion?

Answer 27

An ion is a charged atom which has an overall charge—either positive or negative—because the number of protons is different from the number of electrons.

Question 28

What substance loses electrons to form a positively charged ion?

Answer 28

Metals

Question 29

What substance gains electrons to form a negatively charged ion?

Answer 29

Non-metals

Question 30

What is a molecular compound?

Answer 30

A compound that is made from 2 or more elements, sharing electrons generally, molecular compounds form between NON-METAL ELEMENTS

Question 31

Are all molecular compounds molecules?

Answer 31

Yes, all molecular compounds are molecules, but not all molecules are molecular compounds.

Question 32

Physical Properties of Covalent Compounds

Answer 32

Strong attraction between atom, weak attraction between molecules, meaning low melting and boiling point Solubility Most covalent compounds are not soluble in water Conductivity Not conductive

Question 33

What is the difference between Ionic and Molecular compounds?

Answer 33

Ionic compounds take away electrons to fill there valence shell Molecular compounds use covalent bonds to share electrons.

Question 34

How do ionic compounds form

Answer 34

When a positive ion attracts a negative ion to form an ionic bond

Question 35

Are all compounds molecules?

Answer 35

Yes, but not all molecules are compounds

Question 36

Where are Akali Metals located?

Answer 36

Group 1

Question 37

Where are alkaline earth metals?

Answer 37

Group 2

Question 38

Where are Halogen Gases?

Answer 38

Group 17

Question 39

Where are Noble gases?

Answer 39

Group 18

Question 40

Within A period all elements have the same?

Answer 40

Energy Levels/Valence Shells

Question 41

Within a group all elements have the same number of?

Answer 41

Valence Electrons

Question 42

Reactivity of metal increases as?

Answer 42

energy level increases

Question 43

Reactivty of non-metals increase as

Answer 43

energy levels decrease

Question 44

Atomic radius increases a

Answer 44

the energy level increases from top to bottom

Question 45

Reactivity of metal increases from

Answer 45

_right__ to _left___ or _top__ to _bottom__.

Question 46

Reactivity of non-metals increase from

Answer 46

left to right or top to bottom

Question 47

Atomic radius increases from

Answer 47

right to left or top to bottom

Question 48

Rank the 4 types of elements on the periodic table from most reactive to least.

Answer 48

- alkali metals: highly reactive - halogens: highly reactive - alkali earth metals: reactive - noble gases: not reactive

Question 49

a) ____ likes to lose electron(s) to achieve maximum stability. __-___ likes to gain electron(s) to achieve maximum stability.

Answer 49

Metals like to lose elctrions Non-metals gain electrons

Question 50

Why are the Alkali Metals and Halogens so reactive?

Answer 50

- alkali metals only have one valence electron - halogens are only missing one valence electron