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Study > Chem-exam prep > Flashcards

Chem-exam prep Flashcards

1
Q

Mass number is…

A

Number of protons and neutrons of an atomic nucleus

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2
Q

Atomic number is…

A

Number of protons in an atomic nucleus

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3
Q

Isotopes are…

A

Atoms with the same elements and atomic number but different mass number

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4
Q

Mole is a…

A

Counting term- relating to the amount of substance that contains the same number of particles as there are atoms in 12g of 12C

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5
Q

the symbol for mole…

A

n

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6
Q

metallic substances conduct as a…

A

Solid and liquid

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7
Q

Ionic substances conduct as a..

A

Liquid and not as a solid

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8
Q

Covalent substances conduct as a…

A

Neither a solid nor liquid-doesn’t conduct at all-

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9
Q

what is lead…

A

Metallic lattice

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10
Q

what makes a lattice structure?

A

High mtp, regular repeating pattern

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11
Q

what is Na electron configuration

A

1s22s22p63s1

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12
Q

What makes a molecular structure

A

Low melting point, covalently bonded

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13
Q

volatile…

A

How easily something turns into a gas

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14
Q

How to determine is a substance is volatile

A

Low boiling/melting point- always never conducts

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15
Q

non-volatile=

A

High boiling point

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16
Q

Energy is required to…

A

break bonds

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17
Q

Particles held tightly in fixed positions..

A

-are not free to move
-cannot conduct

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18
Q

Hard def…

A

How easy it is for a substance to be scratched

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19
Q

Sea of delocalized electrons…

A

formed by valence electrons through pure metals, therefore becoming a positive ion.

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20
Q

valence=

A

outside shell

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21
Q

metallic lattice…

A

regularly arrangement of positive ions embedded in a sea of delocalized electrons

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22
Q

metallic bond…

A

electrostatic force of attraction between layers

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23
Q

Rigid=

A

won’t bend but will break

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24
Q

Strong bonds have…

A

High melting points

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25
Q

Greater the charge=

A

stronger the attraction

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26
Q

Little particles are more…

A

Tightly packed together

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27
Q

bigger particles are…

A

loose

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28
Q

What makes ionic compounds conduct as a liquid?

A

=>Ion released from a lattice structure
=>free to move
=>solution conducts electricity

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29
Q

Allotropes=

A

Different form of the same element

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30
Q

what is octet expansion?

A

Forms more bonds in some cases

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31
Q

example of a V -shaped

A

Water- polar

32
Q

why is something polar

A

Vector sum of bond gives resultant molecular dipole

33
Q

melting only breaks….bonds

A

secondary

34
Q

what makes a shape v-shaped

A

Extra pair of electrons

35
Q

low molar mass, LDFS are….

A

insignificant

36
Q

High molar mass=

A

Big LDFS, possibly most significant

37
Q

electrons are constantly moving -jumping from….to…

A

polar to non-polar

38
Q

LDFS=

A

Temporary dipole

39
Q

Dipole-Dilpoe interactions=

A

Permanent dipole

40
Q

H-bonds are way stronger than…

A

DP-DP interactions

41
Q

Dp-Dp interactions are stronger than..

A

LDFS

42
Q

N.O.FS are Hydrogen bonds bonded to

A

Nitrogen, oxygen or fluorine

43
Q

H-bonding is the most significant secondary bonding due the large…of primary bonds involved.

A

Polarity.

44
Q

N.O.FS have a ….boiling point

A

high

45
Q

ion-dipole interactions is the….of the secondary bonds

A

strongest

46
Q

LDFS- are the….secondary bonds

A

weakest

47
Q

only …. bonds connects NOFS

A

covalent

48
Q

def of hydro-carbon

A

compounds made of hydrogen and carbon bonds

49
Q

Viscosity=

A

how easy it flows

50
Q

Honey has a…viscosity

A

high

51
Q

Longer chain=…..viscosity

A

Higher viscosity

52
Q

butane=

A

4

53
Q

empirical formula=

A

simplest ratio eg: C4H10=C2H5

54
Q

Alkanes have a lower…

A

melting point

55
Q

magnetic attracts

A

Magnetic

56
Q

polar attracts

A

Polar

57
Q

less polarity effect=

A

longer carbon chain

58
Q

hex=

A

six

59
Q

pent=

A

five

60
Q

hept=

A

7

61
Q

oct=

A

8

62
Q

dec=

A

10

63
Q

prop=

A

three

64
Q

meth=

A

1

65
Q

ethe=

A

2

66
Q

tertiary=

A

the carbon the hydroxyl is bonded to three other carbon atoms

67
Q

oxidation changes from…to…

A

from orange to green

68
Q

primary alcohol=alcohol–>aldehyde–>

A

carboxylic acid

69
Q

secondary alcohol=2 alcohol—>

A

ketone

70
Q

tertiary alcohol=alcohol—>

A

does not produce an observable change-difficult to oxidize

71
Q

hydrophobic…

A

wont dissolve in water

72
Q

hydrophilic=

A

will dissolve in water

73
Q

what does “VSEPR” stand for

A

Valence shell electron pair repulsion

74
Q

VSEPR theory=

A

a model used to predict the geometry of molecules

75
Q
A
76
Q
A

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