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Studying Flash Cards > chem end of freshmen year final > Flashcards

chem end of freshmen year final Flashcards

1
Q

dozen

A

12

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2
Q

ream of paper

A

500 sheets

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3
Q

why is it useful to use units like dozen or ream

A

it determines how many items make up a particular unit.

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4
Q

gross of pencils

A

144 pencils

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5
Q

mole

A

SI unit of measurement for chemicals, a specific quantity that doesnt change. ( for atoms, molecules, ions or furmula units)

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6
Q

unit of mol:

A

mol

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7
Q

symbol of mol

A

n

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8
Q

Avogagdro’s number

A

number of things in 1 mole = 6.022 × 10²³

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9
Q

representative particles of elements

A

atoms

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10
Q

representative particles of covalent compounds

A

molecules

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11
Q

representative particles of ionic compounds

A

formula units

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12
Q

a mole is a collection of

A

6.022 × 10²³

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13
Q

molar mass

A

mass of one mole of any substance in gram

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14
Q

unit of molar mass

A

gram per mol (gl/mol)

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15
Q

how is molar mass of element found

A

by looking at the atomic mass of the element on the periodic table.

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16
Q

another names for molar mass

A

relative atomic mass (RAM), relative molecular mass (RMM), gram formula mass (gfm), formula mass, molar mass, molecular weight.

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17
Q

the equal of any element’s molar mass

A

its atomic mass

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18
Q

molar mass of a chemical compound

A

= to the sum of the molar masses of all the atoms in 1 molecule of that compound

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19
Q

molar mass’s relation to avogadro’s constant

A

molar mass = mass of 6.022 × 10²³ particles

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20
Q

relationship between the number of moles and the mass of a substance

A

number of moles x molar mass = mass of a substance

21
Q

Actication energy (Ea)

A

the energy needed to get a reaction started

22
Q

what do reactant molecules need when they collide to form products

A

energy equal or more than Ea

23
Q

transition state

A

a temporary stage when all bonds in the reactants are broken and the atoms are ready to form new bonds. proucts.

24
Q

∆H

A

enthalpy change, heat absorbed or released during a reaction

25
Q

∆H in endothermic reactions

A

positive

26
Q

∆H in exothermic reactions

A

negative

27
Q

heat in a chemical equation

A

Reactant in endothermic reactions, product in exothermic reactions

28
Q

Ea’

A

activation energy for reverse reaction.

29
Q

energy

A

ability to do work or produce heat

30
Q

universe’s 3 components

A

matter. energy. empty space / vaccum

31
Q

how is energy detected

A

only because of its effects since it has no mass nor volume

32
Q

thermochemistry

A

the study of energy changes that occur during chemical reactions and changes in state

33
Q

flow of heat

A

always from warmer to cooler objects

34
Q

unit of energy

A

Kilojoule (Kj)

35
Q

enthalpy

A

the heat content of a system at a constant pressure

36
Q

3 factors that affect thermal energy

A

mass, type of substance, temprature change ∆T

37
Q

calculation for calculating heat

A

q=c x m x ∆T

38
Q

specific heat capacity (c)

A

the amount of heat it takes to raise the temp of 1 gram of a substance by 1°C

39
Q

∆T

A

Tfinal - Tinitial

40
Q

specific heat capacity of water

A

4.19 j/g°C

41
Q

qppqratus used to measure enthalpy change

A

calorimeter

42
Q

types of reactions

A

exothermic, give out heat. endothermic, take in heat.

43
Q

exothermic reaction / equation

A

reactants → products + heat energy

44
Q

endothermic reaction / equation

A

reactants + heat energy → products

45
Q

components of enthalpy profile diagram

A

Eac
R
Ea
P
∆H
Ea’

46
Q

equation to find Eac

A

Ea + Er

47
Q

equation to find ∆H

A

Ep-Er

48
Q

equation to find Ea

A

Eac - Er

49
Q

equation to find Ea’

A

Eac - Ep

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