Chem Ch. 15 & 16

Question 1

Two important properties of water that result from hydrogen bonding are…

Answer 1

1. High surface tension

2. Low vapor pressure

Question 2

Surfactant

Answer 2

Any substance that interferes with hydrogen bonding between water molecules and thereby reduces surface tension

Question 3

Solvent and solute

Answer 3

A solvent dissolves solute. The solute becomes dispersed in the solvent.

Question 4

Solvation

Answer 4

The process by which the + and - ions of an ionic solid become surrounded by solvent molecules

Question 5

Electrolyte // Nonelectrolyte

Answer 5

Compound that conducts electricity when it is in an aqueous solution or molten // Compound that does not

Question 6

Hydrate

Answer 6

A compound that contains water of hydration

Question 7

Suspension

Answer 7

Particles settle out upon standing // a suspension differs from a solution bc the particles of a suspension are much larger and do not stay suspended indefinitely

Question 8

Colloid

Answer 8

Contain particles smaller than suspensions but larger than solutions

Question 9

Particle sizes

Answer 9

Solution: ~1 nm
Suspension: >1000 nm
Colloid: between 1 & 1000 nm

Question 10

Tyndall effect

Answer 10

Scattering of visible light by colloidal particles

Question 11

Brownian Motion

Answer 11

Chaotic movement of colloidal particles

Question 12

Emulsion

Answer 12

Colloidal dispersion of a liquid in a liquid

Question 13

Colligative property

Answer 13

A property that depends only upon the number of solute particles; vapor-pressure lowering, boiling-point elevation, and freezing-point depression