Chem 2 Exam 2

Question 1

At dynamic equilibrium, the forward and reverse reactions occur at…?

Answer 1

Equal rates

Question 2

At dynamic equilibrium, the concentrations of products and reactants…?

Answer 2

Remain constants

Question 3

What is Le Chatelier’s principle?

Answer 3

When a chemical system at equilibrium is disturbed, it returns to equilibrium by counteracting the disturbance

Question 4

What happens to higher number of gas molecules in the container?

Answer 4

High pressure

Question 5

What happens to lower number of gas molecules in the container?

Answer 5

Low pressure

Question 6

What is endoothermic?

Answer 6

+ absorb heat. Heat + Reactant <=> Product

Question 7

What is exothermic?

Answer 7

• release heat. Reactant <=> Product + heat

Question 8

Adding reactant?

Answer 8

shift to right

Question 9

Removing a reactant?

Answer 9

shift to left

Question 10

Adding product?

Answer 10

shift left

Question 11

Removing product?

Answer 11

shift right

Question 12

Decreasing volume?

Answer 12

Side with fewer gas molecules

Question 13

Increasing volume?

Answer 13

Side with more gas molecules?

Question 14

Increasing temp. endothermic?

Answer 14

shift to right

Question 15

Decreasing temp. endothermic?

Answer 15

shift to left

Question 16

Increasing temp. exothermic?

Answer 16

shift to left

Question 17

Decreasing temp. Exothermic?

Answer 17

shift to right

Question 18

Adding inert gas?

Answer 18

No effect

Question 19

Adding a catalyst?

Answer 19

No effect

Question 20

What is an Arrhenius Acid?

Answer 20

Substance that will dissolve in water to produce H+ or H30+

Question 21

What is an Arrhenius Base?

Answer 21

Substance that will dissolve in water to produce hydroxide ions, OH-

Question 22

What are the 6 strong acids?

Answer 22

• HCl
• HBr
• HI
• HNO3
• H2SO4
  -HCLO4

Question 23

What are the three weak acids?

Answer 23

• HCHO2
• CH3CO2H
• HF

Question 24

What are the six strong bases?

Answer 24

• LiOH
• NaOH
• KOH
• Ca(OH)2
• Sr(OH)2
• Ba(OH)2

Question 25

What are the two weak bases?

Answer 25

- NH3 - Nr3

Question 26

In Bronsted-Lowry what does acid do?

Answer 26

Donate a proton, H+

Question 27

In Bronsted-Lowry what does base do?

Answer 27

Accepts a proton, H+

Question 28

What is a conjugate acid-base?

Answer 28

- A base will accept a proton (H+) and become a conjugate acid - A acid will donate a proton (H+) and become a conjugate base

Question 29

What is a conjugate acid-base pair?

Answer 29

Two substances that differ by one H+

Question 30

What is an amphoteric substance?

Answer 30

substances that can act as an acid or base (ex. water)

Question 31

What is a monoprotic acids?

Answer 31

only one ionizable proton

Question 32

What is a diprotic acid?

Answer 32

have 2 ionizable protons

Question 33

What is a triprotic acid?

Answer 33

have 3 ionizable protons

Question 34

What is autoionization?

Answer 34

a reaction of H2O molecules transferring protons to yeild hydronium (H30+) and hydroxide ions (OH-)

Question 35

A strong base completely dissociate in solution to yield hydroxide ions, OH-, true or false

Answer 35

True

Question 36

What do weak acids look like in a lewis structure?

Answer 36

Lone pair on the nitrogen atom

Question 37

What does a large Kb and a small Kb mean?

Answer 37

- Larger the Kb = stronger the base - Smaller the Kb = weaker the base

Question 38

What does a large Ka and small Ka mean?

Answer 38

- Larger the Ka = stronger the acid - Smaller the Ka = weaker the acid

Question 39

What is an oxyacid?

Answer 39

a hydrogen atom bonded to an oxygen atom that is attached to nonmetal

Question 40

What is a binary acid?

Answer 40

Hydrogen (s) attached to nonmental H--A

Question 41

How do conjugate acid-base pairs relate to eachother?

Answer 41

- Stronger acid, weaker conjugate base - Weaker acid, stronger conjugate base

Question 42

What can a cation potentially serve as?

Answer 42

An acid ---> donate H+ to water

Question 43

What can an anion potentially serve as?

Answer 43

A base ---> accept H+ from water

Question 44

What are the six strong base cations?

Answer 44

Li+, Na+, K+, Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+

Question 45

What do the strong base cations mean?

Answer 45

Cations cant donate H+ to water. Doesn't affect pH. pH neutral

Question 46

What are the four weak base cations?

Answer 46

NH4+, CH3NH3+, C5H5NH+, C6H5NH3+

Question 47

What do the cations from a weak base mean?

Answer 47

Can donate H+ to water. Produce H30+ in solution. Solution become acidic. pH active

Question 48

What are the six anions from strong acids?

Answer 48

Cl-, Br-, I-, NO3-, ClO4-, HSO4-

Question 49

What do the anions from a strong base mean?

Answer 49

Anions cant accept H+ from water. Will not affect pH. pH neutral

Question 50

What are the five anions from weak acids?

Answer 50

F-, CH3COO-, CO3^2-, NO2-, ClO-

Question 51

What does the anion from weak acids mean?

Answer 51

- Can accept H+ from water - Produce OH- in solution - Solution become basic - pH active

Question 52

If the cation from a weak base (N containing) ---> Solution become weakly acidic, True or false?

Answer 52

True

Question 53

If the anion from a weak acid ---> solution become weakly basic, true or false?

Answer 53

True