Chem Flashcards
How to find groups
Groups are horizontal
How to find Periods
Periods are vertical
What are Isotopes
Atoms molar mass is the average mass of the elements, only neutrons affect the weight of the atom
What model is John Daltons
The billiard ball model, believes atoms are small solid spheres but they could have different properties
What is the J.J. Thompson model
Plum Pudding, atom consists of a positive charge and negative charge embedded in it
What is the Ernest Rutherford model
Gold Foil, atom contains positively charged core, negative charges around the nucleus
What is the Niels Bohr model
The Solar system model, protons are all the nucleus, electrons are in definite energy levels, electrons move around the nucleus in definite orbits
What is the De Broglie & Schrodinger model
The Cloud model and belives that the electrons form a cloud around the nucleus and that the exact location is not defined
Properties of Metals
Good conductors, malleable and ductile, solid at room temp
Properties of Non-Metals
Only 17 elements, different in colour, state, and reactivity
What is the Octet Rule
Atoms bond in such a way as to have 8 electrons in their outer shell, full like a noble gas, atoms will gain or lose electrons to make sure that it receives a full valence shell
What is Ionization
Process of atoms gaining or losing electrons, when this process happens it becomes an ion, when losing electrons it has a positive charge
What is an Anion
They gain electrons, negative charge, nonmetals form anions
What is a cation
They lose electrons, positive charge, metals form cations
How to write an ionic compound formula
Write symbol of first element, write symbol of second element or polyatomic ion, write the charge beside each symbol, balance the charge
Writing Ionic Compound name
Write the name of first element, write the name of the second element ending in ide
Naming Multivalent Compounds
Ionic Compounds, multiple charges, naem metals, roman numerals, name non mental ending in ide
Naming Molecular Compounds
1Non metals, covalent bond, name element 1 with prefix, name element 2 with prefix ending in ide
Properties of Ionic Compounds
Brittle, Solid do not conduct electricity, liquid do conduct electricity, high melting and boiling points, rarely have odour, have crystalline structrure
Properties of Molecular Compounds
Liquid or gas at room temp, those that are solid have low melting point, some have odours, low melting and boiling point, do not conduct electricity
Properties of Acids
Taste Sour, corrosive, conduct electricity, forms H+ ions in water, low ph, less than 7, blue litmus paper turns red and red litmus paper stays red
Properties of Bases
Taste Bitter, Corrosive, Conduct electricity, OH ions in water, High Ph, Higher than 7, blue limus paper stays blue and red turns blue
What is an Exothermic reaction
Releases energy ex. camp fire creating heat, reactants have more energy than before
What is an Endothermic reaction
Reactions that absorb energy ex. ice cube melting less energy than products
