chem Flashcards
what is an ion and how are they formed?
a charged particle and formed when an atom gains or loses an electron
4 factors that can affect a chemical reaction
Temperature, concentration, particle size and use of a catalyst
Homogenous catalyst
Catalyst is in the same state as the reactants, they are available in all sizes
heterogeneous catalyst
Catalyst is in a different state from the reactants, only available in solid state
atomic number
Atomic number of an element tells you how many protons an atom of that element has
3 particles in the atom
electron, neutron and proton
mass of electrons
nearly zero
mass number
number is equal to the number of protons and number of neutrons
what are isotopes?
atoms with the same atomic number but different mass numbers
what ions do metals form?
positive ions (they lose electrons)
what ions do non-metals form
negative ions (gain electrons)
what gases have a stable electron arrangement
noble gases
what is a molecule?
a molecule is 2 or more atoms held together by covalent bonds
what is a covalent bond
the electrostatic force of attraction between the positive nuclei negative shared pair of electrons
what molecule is made up of molecules that contain 2 atoms
diatomic molecule
