Checkride Prep Taken From Notes Flashcards
And a cumulative deck from notes taken in weaknesses.
Systems: Type of Engine
F-Fuel injected L-Lycoming H-Horizontally Opposed A-Air Cooled N-Naturally Aspirated D-Direct Drive
Engine Oil
15/50
It:
Cools, lubricates,reduces friction, seals, cleans
Oil System
Sump to Strainer Oil Pump Bypass Valve (or if hot to oil cooler) Filter Pressure Relief Valve Residual back to sump
The gyroscopic flight instruments
Turn coordinator
heading indicator
attitude indicator
Fundamental properties of gyroscopic action
Rigidity in space
Precession
What is rigidity in space as it pertains to gyroscopes
Refers to the principle that a gyroscope remains in a fixed position in the plane in which it is spinning
What is precession as it pertains to gyroscopes
Procession is a tilting or turning of a gyro in response to a deflective force, this Force when applied occurs at a 90° point later in the direction of rotation
Two types of turn indicators
Turn and slip indicator
Turn coordinators
Turn and slip indicator general function
Rotates in the vertical plane corresponding to the aircraft longitudinal axis.Uses a pointer call the turn needle to show the direction and rate of turn.
Turn coordinator general functions
The gimbal and a turn coordinator is canted therefore it’s gyro can sense both rate of roll and rate of turn.
Inclinometer general functions
Used to depict aircraft yaw. during coordinated straight and level flight, the force of gravity causes the ball to rest in the lowest part of the tube centered between the reference lines.
Attitude indicator general principles of function
Depicts miniature aircraft as in relation to the horizon. The gyro is mounted in a horizontal plane, the bar is fixed to the gyro and remains in horizontal plane as he aircraft is pitched or banked about its lateral a longitudinal axis. The aircraft actually rotates around the spinning gyro.
Diluted demand oxygen system
supply oxygen only when the user inhales through the mask. Can mix cabin air an oxygen or supply 100% oxygen. Tight seal and can be used up to 40,000 ft
Pressure demand oxygen system
Similar to diluted except the oxygen is supplied to the mask under pressure at cabin altitudes above 34000 ft. Oxygen tight seal positive pressure which allows a uses lungs to be pressurized with oxygen. Safer at altitudes above 40000 feet.
Continuous Flow oxygen system
Usually provided for passengers. Typically has a reservoir bag that collects oxygen from The continuous Flow oxygen system. Ambient air headed to the supplied oxygen during lesion after reserve back oxygen is depleted.
Electric pulse demand oxygen system
Deliver Oxygen by detecting the individuals inhalation effort. Only provide oxygen during initial portion of inhalation. Can reduce the amount of oxygen needed by 50 to 85% since oxygen is not wasted.
A narrower than usual runway illusion
Can create an illusion that the aircraft is higher than it actually is leading to a low approach.
A wider than usual runway illusion
Can create an illusion that the aircraft is lower than it actually is leading to a higher approach.
A downsloping runway illusion
Can create the illusion that the aircraft is lower than it actually is leading to a higher approach
Upsloping runway illusion
Can create the illusion that the aircraft is higher than it actually is leading to a lower approach
Featureless terrain illusion
Can create an illusion that the aircraft is at a higher altitude than it actually is
Haze illusion
Can create an illusion of being at a greater distance and height from the runway
Fog illusion
Can create an illusion of pitching up
Federal aviation regulations pertaining to drugs
61.53
Prohibited acting as pic four non medical conditions or taking medication or receiving another treatment whichresults in the person being unable to meet the requirements for the medical certificate necessary for the pilot operation
91.17
prohibits the use of any drug that affects the person’s faculties in any way contrary to safety
Actions during a decompression sickness emergency
Put on oxygen if available switch to 100%
Being an emergency descent and landing soon as possible even if the symptoms disappeared during descent
If one of the symptoms of joint pain keep the affected area still
Apollo landing seek medical assistance from an FAA medical officer a m a military flight surgeon or a hyperbaric medicine specialist
Treatment may involve the use of a hyperbaric chamber
Wait times after scuba diving
Altitudes of up to 8,000 feet is 12 hours after diving that does not require controlled ascend, and at least 24 hours after diving that does require controlled descent.
Waiting time before going to flight altitudes above 8000 feet should be at least 24 hours after scuba
Pave checklist is for?
Hey wait a mitigating risk
P in the pave checklist
Pilot am I ready for this trip in terms of experience recency currency physical and emotional condition
Go through I’m safe checklists
Illness Medication Stress Alcohol (less then .04%bac or 8 hours bottle to throttle) Fatigue Emotion
A in the pave checklist
You asked yourself:
Right aircraft for the flight
Familiar and current in the circuit
Remember performance figures based on new aircraft
is the aircraft equipped for the flight? instruments? lights navigation and communication equipment?
Can this aircraft use a runway available for the trip?
Can the aircraft carrier the plan load?
Can the aircraft operate at the altitudes required?
Does this aircraft have sufficient fuel capacity for the legs planned?
Does the fuel quantity delivered match the fuel quantity ordered?
V in pave checklist
Environment like weather
Sky conditions:
Ceiling and visibility, winds at airport being used with crosswind component
Thunderstorm present or forecast?
Forecasted/current or possibility of icing?
Temperature/dew point spread
Terrain Is a terrain mountainous? Day or night flight VFR IFR Safe altitude on charts Know your maximum elevation figures
Airport
Know the lights available at your destination and alternate airports
VASI/PAPI
No the instrument approaches available
Check notices to airmen foreclosed runways or airports and taxiways
Choose flight route wisely
Airspace
Survival gear for remote area flying or flying over water
check the air space and temporary flight restrictions along the route of flight
Nighttime
Be prepared to fly IFR
Will the flight conditions allow a safe emergency landing at night
check all aircraft lights interior and exterior for night flight carry two flashlights one fixture pre-flight and smaller when they can be dimmed and kept nearby
E in the pave checklist
External pressures
Is someone winning at the airport for flights arrival
A passenger the pilot does not want to disappoint
Desire to demonstrate public qualifications
Impress someone
Get home-itis get there-is and let’s go-its
5 hazardous attitudes and their antidotes
Anti-authority “don’t tell me”
Antidote: follow the rules they are usually right
Impulsivity “do it quickly”
Antidote: not-so-fast thing first
Invulnerability “it won’t happen to me”
Antidote: it could happen to me
Macho “I can do it”
Antidote: taking chances is foolish
Resignation “what’s the use”
Antidote: I’m not helpless I can make a difference
How are the electric circuits applied
Supplied through a split primary busbar
Busbar 1
Busbar 2
Primary bus 1
Turn coordinator Nav& control wheel map lights strobe/taxi lights pitot heat
Avionics bus 2 Avionics fan GPS nav/com 1 auto pilots ADF
Primary bus 2
Instrument and ignition switch fuel pump (electric) landing lights flashing beacon flaps
Avionics bus 1 HSI and Gyro autopilot nav 2 transponder navcom 2
Essential cross-feed bus
To the various annunciators
glareshield interior instrument lights
to master switch
Annunciator panel
Inputs come from Fuel transmitter low oil pressure switch vacuum transducer alternator control unit ACU
Engine instruments
Oil pressure / oil temperature
tachometer
exhaust gas temperature EGT
+ the oil pressure annunciator (on below 20psi)
Lubrication system
Full pressure wet sump with aviation grade oil 8 quarts capacity ( 5-8 quarts operating range)
Oil route through engine
Oil drawn from sump
to strainer
To engine driven oil pump
to bypass
Hot oil to oil cooler, then oil filter
Cold oil directly to full flow oil filter
To pressure relief valve (excess pressure routed back to sump)
To engine
Oil returns to sump by gravity
Ignition and starting
2 engine driven Magneto’s two spark plugs per cylinder
Fuel system
2 vented fuel tanks 1 per wing 5 drains per tank. To fuel selector valve (1 drain here) Fuel reservoir (1 drain here) Auxillary fuel pump Fuel shut off valve Fuel strainer (1 drain here) Engine driven pump Fuel/air control unit Fuel distribution valve
Low voltage annunciator
Activate when voltage falls below 24.5 volts
