Checkpoint review 2

Question 1

Pneumocystis jirovecii is classified as what type of microorganism

Answer 1

It is a yeast-like fungus (originally classified as protozoan)

Question 2

Pathogenic attribute of Pseudomonas aeruginosa that promotes chronic infection in cystic fibrosis patients

Answer 2

Mucoid polysaccharide capsule

Question 3

Part of the nephron that reabsorbs most of the water filtered (no matter the hydration state)

Answer 3

Proximal tubule

Question 4

Malignancies associated to EBV

Answer 4

• Burkitt lymphoma
• Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (especially asian adults)
• Certain Hodgkin lymphomas
• Lymphoproliferative disease in transplant patients

Question 5

Compunds that can chelate fluoroquinolones and, thereby, diminish their absorption

Answer 5

Calcium, iron and/or magnesium salts (which are found in antacids)

*Antacids must be taken 2 hours before or 1 hour after taking the antibiotic

Question 6

Anterograde flow through which arteries permits flow to the lower extremities in postductal coarctation of the aorta

Answer 6

• Internal thoracic (mammary) arteries

* Anterior intercostals

Question 7

Retrograde flow through which arteries generates rib notching in postductal coarctation of the aorta

Answer 7

Posterior intercostal arteries

Question 8

Phase of the bacterial growth curve in which most antibiotics are effective

Answer 8

Logarithmic growth phase

Question 9

Usual sites of mucinous tumors that can cause pseudomyxoma peritonei (intraperitoneal accumulation of mucinous material)

Answer 9

Ovary or appendix

Question 10

Histological description of Reed-Sternberg cells seen en Hodgkin lymphoma

Answer 10

Large, binucleated cells with prominent nucleoli with an eosinophilic cytoplasm

Question 11

Signs and symptoms of “blueberry muffin” disease caused by cytomegalovirus

Answer 11

• Thrombocytopenic purpura
• Jaundice
• Hepatosplenomegaly
• Intracerebral calcifications

Question 12

Gram negative, comma-shaped rods that are isolated on alkaline media

Answer 12

Vibrio species

Question 13

Step between patient evaluation by a physician and the patient receiving a medication where these medications are checked for drug-drug interactions

Answer 13

Dispensing

*Step where the pharmacists performs most of a drug utilization review (DUR) and checks for drug-drug interactions

Question 14

CCR5 receptor antagonist that blocks HIV gp120 attachment and viral entry

Answer 14

Maraviroc

Question 15

NNRTI that, apart from rash and hepatotoxicity, causes vivid dreams and CNS symptoms

Answer 15

Efavirenz

Question 16

Drug that prevents HIV entry into the cells by binding gp41

Answer 16

Enfuvirtide

Question 17

DOC for cardiac and serious neurologic manifestations of Lyme disease

Answer 17

IV ceftriaxone

Question 18

Bacterial toxins that increase cAMP

Answer 18

• Cholera
• Anthrax
• E. coli LT
• Pertussis

Question 19

Out of the bacterial toxins that increase cAMP, which two of them do so by ADP ribosylation of GTP binding protein (Gs)

Answer 19

• E. coli LT

* Cholera

Question 20

Tumors associated with opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome (“dancing eyes-dancing feet”)

Answer 20

• Neuroblastoma in children

* Small cell lung cancer in adults

Question 21

Bombesin and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) positive tumor

Answer 21

Neuroblastoma

Question 22

Overexpression of which oncogene is associated to neuroblastoma

Answer 22

N-myc

Question 23

Microbial characteristic that necessitates the use of soap-based products over alcohol-based gels to be eliminated

Answer 23

Spore-forming bacteria