CHD

Question 1

Define diastolic HF

Answer 1

Left ventricle becomes thickened and is unable to fill with blood. EF >50%

Question 2

Define systolic HF

Answer 2

Left ventricle becomes enlarged and is unable to pump blood to the rest of the body. EF <40%

Question 3

80% of cases of HF in the US are caused by?

Answer 3

CAD and HTN

Question 4

Risk Factors of HF

Answer 4

CAD, cigarette smoking, HTN, Obesity, Diabetes, Valvular heart disease

Question 5

Etiologies of Systolic HF

Answer 5

CAD (Most common), dilated cardiomyopathy, familial, valvular heart disease, HTN, Myocarditis, Drug induced, toxin induced

Question 6

Etiologies of Diastolic HF

Answer 6

HTN (most common), aging, fibrosis, ischemia, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, restrictive/infiltrative cardiomyopathy, valvular heart disease, pericardial disease

Question 7

Other non-cardiac etiologies

Answer 7

Viral illness, thyroid disese, anemia, pregnancy (postpartum cardiomyopathy), fever, vit B 1 deficiency, restrictive cardiomyopathies, SLE, HIV, substance abuse, polymytosis, scleroderma,cor pulmonale from COPD, Pulmonary htn, sleep apnea, renal causes

Question 8

Dilated cardiomyopathy

Answer 8

Weakening of myocardium, resulting in dilation of ventricle, can lead to pump failure and threatening arrhythmias

Question 9

Causes of dilated cardiomyopathy

Answer 9

myocarditis after flu, infiltrative, peripartum, HIV, connective tissue disease

Question 10

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Answer 10

Caused by dominant genetic cardiac disease, enlargement of LV and septum