Charts

Question 1

STAGE 1: SENSORIMOTOR (BIRTH-TWO)

Answer 1

Children learn through the senses and physical actions in six substages.

Question 2

substage 1 and 2

Answer 2

involve the baby’s own body

Question 3

substage 3 and 4

Answer 3

involve people and objects

Question 4

substage 5 and 6 (12-14 months)

Answer 4

involve creative actions and thinking before acting

Question 5

substage 5: tertiary circular reactions (12-18 months)

Answer 5

• “little scientists”
• experiment with objects
• notices color and size of objects
• trial and error
• imitate behaviors
• look for hidden objects where they were last seen

Question 6

substage 6: mental imagery or representation (18-24 months)

Answer 6

• think about different ways to solve problems without trial and error
• think through a sequence of a few steps
• deferred imitation
• knows all objects are somewhere

Question 7

stage 2: preoperational (2-7)

Answer 7

• children learn through symbols, with logical limitations.

Question 8

stage 3: concrete operational stage (7-11)

Answer 8

children think logically based on past experiences.

Question 9

stage 4: formal operational stage (11+)

Answer 9

abstract reasoning

Question 10

reasons toddlers communicate

Answer 10

1. achieve a goal
2. identify an object
3. create a bond with another person

Question 11

ways to model language to toddlers

Answer 11

1. correct pronunciation
2. correct grammar
3. introduce a new word
4. correct the meaning of a word

Question 12

language games for toddlers

Answer 12

1. show me
2. follow directions
3. telephones

Question 13

anxious-ambivalent attachment

Answer 13

1. toddlers show distress when unfamiliar people are nearby.
2. toddlers resist comfort upon return.
3. needs are not read correctly or consistently..
4. they fear entering a close relationship, and end up being controlling.

Question 14

anxious-avoidant attachment

Answer 14

1. no preference to caregiver vs stranger
2. caregivers are ignored upon return
3. general needs not met promptly, caregivers ignore delight.
4. prefer to be alone as adults.

Question 15

disorganized attachment

Answer 15

1. inconsistent in attachment behaviors.
2. make poor eye contact.
3. caregivers show neglect and abuse.
4. do not form lasting intimate relationships and are anxious and depressed.

Question 16

stages of temper tantrums

Answer 16

1. experiences anger by throwing self on the floor, kicking, and screaming
2. cries, whines, and whimpers.
3. feels anger level drop
4. wants to cuddle.
5. forgets about tantrum