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MED TERM > Charper 3 levels of organization > Flashcards

Charper 3 levels of organization Flashcards

1
Q

levels of organization

A

Cell, Tissue, Organs, Organ systems, and Organisms

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2
Q

Cells

A

are the structural unit that forms all body tissues.

*the wal is composed of lipids and proteins to allow substances to exit or enter.

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3
Q

cell structure

A

cytoplasm, mitichondria, lysosome, centrioles, nucleus, nuclear envelope, rough endoplasmic reticulum, golgiaparatus.

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4
Q

Tissue levels

A

*gorup of cells found in the body, Epithelial, Connective, Nervous, & muscle

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5
Q

Epithelial Tissue

A
  • Functions as protection, absorption, & seecretion.
  • Forms the epidermis (top layer) single layer(simple), Several layers (stratefied)
  • shapes- squamous (flat, Cubodial (cube), Columnar (SYlindrical).
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6
Q

Connective Tissue

A

Cells that form various consistencies to connect & support other body tissues

  • cartilage
  • edipose
  • bone
  • blood
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7
Q

Nervous tissue

A

Composed of cells called Neurones. They transmit nerve impulses by a chemical called neurotransmitters.

  • compose the brain
  • spinal cord
  • nerves of the whole body
  • controls muscles, glands, homeostasis, and mental activity.
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8
Q

Muscle tissue

A

composed of cells called contractile fibers.as muscle cell relaxes or contracts it shorteness or lenghtness

  • helps movement
  • heart beat
  • Organ functions
  • maintains blood pressure
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9
Q

Organs

A

made up of 2 or more tissues that perform specialized functions

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10
Q

organ systems

A

many organs and structures work together as organ systems

*The heart acts as a pump along with a network of arteries, veins, and capillaries, creating the cardio vascular system.

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11
Q

anatomical position

A

Pt stands up right with arms at the sides, palms facing forward, legs are straight and toes pointing forward

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12
Q

mid line

A
  • often used as a point of reference

* imaginary line runs from head to feet and through the umbilicus it divides the body into a right and left halves

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13
Q

axial

A

includes the head, neck and trunk

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14
Q

appendicular

A

includes the arms (upper extremities), and legs (lower extremities).

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15
Q

directional terms

A
  • from mid line and out = lateral
  • outside towards the mid line = medial
  • Line up = superior
  • line pointing down = inferior
  • The elbow is proximal to the shoulder
  • The elbow is distal from the wrist
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16
Q

Sagittal plane

A

Runs vertically from front to back, dividing the body into a left and rigjt halves

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17
Q

frontal plane

A
  • also known as the coronal plane

* runs vertically from left to right, dividing the body into a front and back portions

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18
Q

transverse planes

A
  • also known as the horizontal plane

* Divides the body into a lower and upper portion

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19
Q

elbow extension

A

hand down

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20
Q

elbow flexion

A

arm up half way like lifting a weight

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21
Q

shoulder abduction

A

arm extended at shoulder level

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22
Q

shoulder adduction

A

brings arm down to anatomical possition

23
Q

shoulder horizontal abduction

A

arm extended at shoulder level and moving it back

24
Q

shoulder horizontal adduction

A

arm extended at shoulder level, moving it forward

25
Q

scapula retraction

A

elbow to the back (preparing to punch some one on the face)

26
Q

Scapula protaction

A

arn and elbow extended forward throwing a punch

27
Q

dorsal cavity

A
  • located on the posterior and back part of the body.

* contains the cranial and vertebral

28
Q

cranial cavity

A

contains the brain

29
Q

vertebral cavity

A

contains the spinal column

30
Q

ventral cavity

A

located on the anterior or front side of the body

*contains the thorax and the abdominopelvic cavity

31
Q

thorasic caavity

A

contains the lungs, heart, great vessels, trachea and thymus

32
Q

abdominal cavity

A

contains the stomach, pancreas, liver, galbladder, larg and small intestines

33
Q

*retroperotoneal space

A

contains the kidneys at the back of the abdomen and lateral to the spinal column

34
Q

pelvic cavity

A

contains the sigmoid colon, rectum,and bladder,.

*in females- the uterus, fallopian tubes and ovaries

35
Q

the four quadrant system

A

divides into 4 equal sections

  • right upper quadrant
  • left upper quadrant
  • right lower quadrant
  • left lower quadrant
36
Q

the 9 regions system

A

divides the cavity in 9 parts for communication and documentation

  • left and right hypochondriac
  • epigastric top middle
  • right and left lumbar
  • umbilical region
  • left and right iliac
  • hypogastric region lower middle
37
Q

abd

38
Q

ant

39
Q

AP

A

anteposterior

40
Q

flex

41
Q

L

42
Q

lat

43
Q

LE

A

lower extremities ( legs)

44
Q

LLQ

A

left lower quadrant

45
Q

RLQ

A

right lower quadrant

46
Q

add

47
Q

post

48
Q

PA

A

posteroanterior

49
Q

ext

50
Q

R

51
Q

med

52
Q

UE

A

upper extremities

53
Q

LUQ

A

left upper quadrant

54
Q

RUQ

A

right upper quadranr

MED TERM (13 decks)

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