Charles I's Personal Rule 1629 - 1640 Flashcards
Scotland: Reinforcement of the Articles of Perth
1626
- angered Scots - Charles taking control over religion
Scotland: Act of Revocation
1625
- Charles cancelled crown grants of land from the Scottish elite
=> angered Scots - Charles taking control via land
Scotland: New church canon laws imposed
1636
- based on the Articles of Perth - ignore Presbyterianism
Scotland: Imposition of new Laudian prayer book
- reaction
1637
- King announced Scotland would follow Laudian prayer book
=> book immediately denounced by all Scots
=> riots in St. Giles Cathedral, Edinburgh
=> 1638 National Covenant signed
Scotland: National Covenant signed
1638
- promised to defend Presby Scottish Church against any attempt to introduce English Prayer Book, Anglican liturgy or bishops
- also urged loyalty to king
=> Charles began preparing army (w/out parliamentary approval)
=> Covenanters formed an army and marched towards England in protest
Scotland: First Bishops’ War + Truce of Berwick
June 1639
- both sides reluctant to fight
- signed Truce of Berwick - C promised another General Assembly
=> Charles called Short Parliament, APRIL 1640 but they demand adherence to their grievances, C dissolves them and calls on Wentworth to assist him
Scotland: Second Bishops’ War
1640
- Covenanters invade Newcastle, led by Leslie
Truce of Ripon, Oct 1640
- peace and payment to Scots - Long P had to be called to fund
Ireland: Wentworth
Lord Deputy of Ireland 1633 - 1639
Ireland: Wentworth’s successes
- replaced hated Irish Articles with less Calvinist ones
- increased custom duties = more revenue
- produced a united Irish army for C’s disposal
- Irish Catholics happy to accept Laudian reforms
Ireland: Wentworth’s failures
- Irish Puritans + Presby felt threatened by reforms = anti-Catholic sentiments
- Wentworth’s control fell apart when he returned to England in 1639:
- Presby Scots and English Puritans in Ireland formed an alliance - Catholics felt threatened
