Charles I Flashcards
War with Spain 1625
Massive failure
Got drunk on way to Cadiz
Buckingham blamed
no successful attacks
Buckingham’s expedition of the Rhe 1627
Ladders to short
Failure
Buckingham blamed
People more sad he came home and didn’t die
Caused Parliament to become unwilling to grant anything
Expedition to La Rochelle 1628
Done by Buckingham’s brother
Even more of a failure
Caused uproar in Parliament
Buckingham’s assassination
Done by two former officers from Cadiz
John Felton and John Elliot
John Felton stabbed him.
The rejoice about his death caused Charles to get even further away from his people.
Became much closer with wife - now new advisor
Why were his problems with Parliament so difficult up to 1629
Charles’ personality and view on the role of the monarch
Ongoing problem of foreign policy
Financial pressures
Charles’ unwavering support for Buckingham
Religious issues
First Parliament
FP - Charles very vague
Finance - MPs unhappy that subsidies took priority.
Granted 2 subsidies about 140k
Buckingham - remained dominant.
R - wanted to enforce penal laws.
Second Parliament
Still very hostile
Wanted to keep balancing act
C remained suspicions of intentions of P
FP bad to worse
Angry at how C was making money
E. Coke, Wentworth etc made sheriffs
C looked to Laud for religious advice
Lords hostile to Buckingham - made relationship sour
Why was there still discontent 1626-28
The Forced Loans -
form of taxation without Parliament’s consent
Demanded loans from the wealthy
Involuntary
Cause for the Five Knights case
Violation of rights
Resentment from nobility
Legal controversy
Failing war with France
Third Parliament
Released those imprisoned
P prepared to make 5 subsidies only if grievances were solved
Drew up Petition of Right - to limit power
He accepted but wasn’t going to abide by it
1629 Parliament
High expectations it’ll be more cooperative
Rapid rise of Arminians
Problems = Religion (rise of A) and Finance (taxation)
No more T&P granted
Held down speaker to pass 3 laws:
- Popish or A innovations were enemies of kingdom
- Those who took part in collection of customs were enemies
- Those who paid customs duties were betrayers
Started 11 year Personal rule
