CHARACTERISTICS OF ORGANIC HALIDES

Question 1

Unlike other organic compounds, most organic halides are
________

Answer 1

SYNTHETIC

Question 2

Is organic halides flammable?

Answer 2

no

Question 3

If the 𝛼-carbon is tetragonal or 𝑠𝑝
3 hybridized, the organic halide
can be classified as

Answer 3

primary
secondary
tertiary

Question 4

are organic compounds which has
one or more carbon-halogen bonds. There are
naturally occurring

Answer 4

Organic Halides

Question 5

To synthesize an organic halide, one must be able to
_______ one of the alkyl’s hydrogen atoms for a
halogen atom.

Answer 5

substitute

Question 6

Due to ___________ _________, there exists three
types of organic halides. Each organic halide reacts
differently to certain reaction mechanisms.

Answer 6

constitutional isomerism

Question 7

The method in which one recognizes different organic
halides is through the observation of the so called

Answer 7

𝛼 - carbon

Question 8

are organic
halides with a primary 𝛼-carbon wherein the 𝛼-carbon is connected to only one alkyl group.

Answer 8

Primary organic halides

Question 9

example of primary organic halides

Answer 9

n-buty chloride

Question 10

appears as a water white liquid with a sharp odor. It’s boiling point is 77-78 C. It is slightly soluble in water

Answer 10

n-butyl chloride

Question 11

Vapors are heavier than air. It is used in he manufacture of a variety organic chemicals

Answer 11

n-butyl chloride

Question 12

are organic halides with a secondary 𝛼-carbon wherein
the 𝛼-carbon is connected to only two alkyl
groups.

Answer 12

Secondary organic halides

Question 13

example of secondary organic halides

Answer 13

sec-butyl chloride

Question 14

is a colorless, volatile liquid at room temperature; immiscible in water

Answer 14

sec-butyl chloride

Question 15

are organic
halides with a tertiary 𝛼-carbon wherein the
𝛼 -carbon
is connected to only three alkyl
groups.

Answer 15

Tertiary organic halides

Question 16

example of tertiary organic halides

Answer 16

tert-butyl chloride

Question 17

is a colorless, flammable liquid, and sparingly soluble in water

Answer 17

Tertiary organic halides

Question 18

a bond between
carbon and a leaving group (C-LG) is broken, and a new
bond between carbon and a nucleophile (C-Nu) is
formed.

Answer 18

Nucleophilic substition reactions

Question 19

Loss of leaving group followed by the addition of a nucleophile

Answer 19

SN1

Question 20

what is the reaction coordinate diagram of Sn1 reactions?

Answer 20

two transition states flanking a carbonation intermediate

Question 21

what compounds used reacted the fastest in ethanolic AgNO3

Answer 21

tert-butyl chloride

Question 22

In Sn1 Reactivity: Reaction with ethanolic AgNO3? what is the the time needed and result observed in the compound n-butyl chloride?

Answer 22

Time needed - 1200 seconds
Result observed - Turbidity solution

Question 23

In Sn1 Reactivity: Reaction with ethanolic AgNO3? what is the the time needed and result observed in the compound sec-butyl chloride?

Answer 23

Time needed - 120 seconds
Result observed - Turbidity solution

Question 24

In Sn1 Reactivity: Reaction with ethanolic AgNO3? what is the the time needed and result observed in the compound tert-butyl chloride?

Answer 24

time needed - 3 seconds
Result observed - white precipitate

Question 25

substitution occurs through donation of a lone pair from a nucleophile into the sigma orbital on the backside of the C-LG bond

Answer 25

SN@

Question 26

this results in the inversion of configuration at carbon

Answer 26

SN2

Question 27

Enumerate the rationalization of the backside attack mechanism of SN2

Answer 27

• The bimolecular rate law (dependent on cencentration of nucleophile and substrate
• Inversion of stereochemistry at stereo genic (chiral) centers
• Sensitivity of the Sn2 to steric hindrance (bulky groups slow down backside attack)

Question 28

What is the reaction coordinate of SN2 reactions

Answer 28

single transition state and no intermediates

Question 29

In Sn2 Reactivity: Reaction with NaI in ACETONE? what is the the time needed and result observed in the compound n-butyl chloride?

Answer 29

Time needed - 3 seconds
Result observed - white precipitate

Question 30

In Sn2 Reactivity: Reaction with NaI in ACETONE? what is the the time needed and result observed in the compound sec-butyl chloride?

Answer 30

time needed - 8 seconds
Result observed - Turbidity solution

Question 31

In Sn2 Reactivity: Reaction with NaI in ACETONE? what is the the time needed and result observed in the compound tert-butyl chloride?

Answer 31

time needed - 600 seconds
Result observed - turbid solution

Question 32

it reacted the fastest in NaI in Acetone

Answer 32

n-butyl chloride