CHARACTERISTICS OF ORGANIC HALIDES Flashcards
Unlike other organic compounds, most organic halides are
________
SYNTHETIC
Is organic halides flammable?
no
If the ๐ผ-carbon is tetragonal or ๐ ๐
3 hybridized, the organic halide
can be classified as
primary
secondary
tertiary
are organic compounds which has
one or more carbon-halogen bonds. There are
naturally occurring
Organic Halides
To synthesize an organic halide, one must be able to
_______ one of the alkylโs hydrogen atoms for a
halogen atom.
substitute
Due to ___________ _________, there exists three
types of organic halides. Each organic halide reacts
differently to certain reaction mechanisms.
constitutional isomerism
The method in which one recognizes different organic
halides is through the observation of the so called
๐ผ - carbon
are organic
halides with a primary ๐ผ-carbon wherein the ๐ผ-carbon is connected to only one alkyl group.
Primary organic halides
example of primary organic halides
n-buty chloride
appears as a water white liquid with a sharp odor. Itโs boiling point is 77-78 C. It is slightly soluble in water
n-butyl chloride
Vapors are heavier than air. It is used in he manufacture of a variety organic chemicals
n-butyl chloride
are organic halides with a secondary ๐ผ-carbon wherein
the ๐ผ-carbon is connected to only two alkyl
groups.
Secondary organic halides
example of secondary organic halides
sec-butyl chloride
is a colorless, volatile liquid at room temperature; immiscible in water
sec-butyl chloride
are organic
halides with a tertiary ๐ผ-carbon wherein the
๐ผ -carbon
is connected to only three alkyl
groups.
Tertiary organic halides
example of tertiary organic halides
tert-butyl chloride
is a colorless, flammable liquid, and sparingly soluble in water
Tertiary organic halides
a bond between
carbon and a leaving group (C-LG) is broken, and a new
bond between carbon and a nucleophile (C-Nu) is
formed.
Nucleophilic substition reactions
Loss of leaving group followed by the addition of a nucleophile
SN1
what is the reaction coordinate diagram of Sn1 reactions?
two transition states flanking a carbonation intermediate
what compounds used reacted the fastest in ethanolic AgNO3
tert-butyl chloride
In Sn1 Reactivity: Reaction with ethanolic AgNO3? what is the the time needed and result observed in the compound n-butyl chloride?
Time needed - 1200 seconds
Result observed - Turbidity solution
In Sn1 Reactivity: Reaction with ethanolic AgNO3? what is the the time needed and result observed in the compound sec-butyl chloride?
Time needed - 120 seconds
Result observed - Turbidity solution
In Sn1 Reactivity: Reaction with ethanolic AgNO3? what is the the time needed and result observed in the compound tert-butyl chloride?
time needed - 3 seconds
Result observed - white precipitate
