Characteristics of living things Flashcards
Pre biotic factors
1) Atoms
2) molecules
3) organelles
What are atoms
- The smallest unit of matter
- Cannot be broken down into anything simpler
Molecules
- a group of atoms bonded together
Organelles
Specialized structures within a cell that perform important cellular functions
What are the biotic factors
1) cells
2) tissue
3) organ
4) organ system
5) organism
What are cells
- the smallest unit of life
- living matter enclosed in a barrier that separates them from their surroundings
What is tissue
- A group of similar cells that perform a specific function
What are the types of tissue
Nervous tissue
Connective tissue
Epithelial tissue
Muscle tissue
What is nervous tissue
- Send and receives signals in the body
- In the brain, spinal core, and nerves
What is epithelial tissue
Lines and protects the body (skin) and organs
What is muscle tissue
Helps the body move by contraction, as well as perform body functions
Types:
1) smooth muscle: in organs, works involuntary
2) Cardiac muscle: in the heart, works involuntary
3) skeletal muscle: moves the bones, works voluntary
What is connective tissue
- Supports, connects, and protects body parts
- fat, bone, tendon, ligament
What are organs
A group of tissues that work together to perform a particular function
What is a organ system
A group of organs that work together to perform a related function
What is a organ system
A group of organs that work together to perform a related function
What is a organism
A Living thing, composed of cells (unicellular & multicellular organisms).
Species = a group of similar organisms that can breed and produce FERTILE OFFSPRING
What does population refer to
A group of the same specie in the same area
What does community refer to
Groups of different species that live in the same area
What does ecosystem refer to
Groups of organisms that live in the same area plus their non living environment
What does ecosystem refer to
Groups of organisms that live in the same area plus their non living environment
What does biome refer to
Groups of ecosystems that have the same climate and communities
What does Biosphere refer to
Part of wart where life exists, land water air atmosphere
What are the 7 characteristics of living things
1) growth and development
2) Needs energy and produces waste
3) reproduction
4) responsiveness
5) homeostasis
6) order and organization
7) adaptation
What does the characteristic “growth and development” mean
- Maturation: change in shape and size
- Differentiation: change in shape to suit a new function (baby to toddler)
What does the characteristic “needs energy and produces waste” mean
- Gets energy from their environment, for growth and development and produces waste
- Metabolism = Anabolism + Catabolism
Anabolism - synthesising compounds (uses energy)
Catabolism- breaks down (expels energy)
What does the characteristic “reproduction” mean
- give rise to offsrping for many generations
- asexually or sexually
What does the characteristic “responsiveness” mean
Respond or change based on internal or external stimulus
What does the characteristic “homeostasis” mean
The body’s automatic process to react to stimuli and maintain stable internal conditions for survival
What does the characteristic “order and organization” mean
- composed of cells
- multicellular organisms follow
Atom > molecule > organelle > cell > tissue > organ > organ system > organism (multiple level of organization) - unicellular don’t have levels
What does the characteristic “adaptation” mean
Changes over (structural, physiological, behaviour) time to help them be more suitable for their environment
Cell theory
1) All living things are made up of cells.
2) Cells are the basic structural and functional unit of life.
3) All cells arise from pre-existing cells
