Characteristics of living things

Question 1

What are the factors that define if something is a living organism

Answer 1

Movement, respiration, sensitivity, growth, reproduction, excretion, nutrition

Question 2

what is a species

Answer 2

group of organisms that can reproduce to produce fertile offspring

Question 3

what is a genus

Answer 3

species that are closely related

Question 4

There are many ways of grouping living organisms. say what they are, form most specific to least specific

Answer 4

species, genus, family, order, class, phylum, kingdom, domain

Question 5

What are the five groups of vertebrates

Answer 5

birds, mammals, amphibians, reptiles, fish

Question 6

describe fish

Answer 6

scaly skin, gills throughout life, fins, eggs have no shells and are laid in water

Question 7

describe amphibians

Answer 7

smooth skin, tadpoles have gills and adults have lungs, eggs have no shell and are laid in water, live in land and aquatic environments

Question 8

describe reptiles

Answer 8

scally skin, lungs, eggs with soft shells, cold-blooded

Question 9

describe birds

Answer 9

feathers, lungs, eggs with hard shells, beak

Question 10

describe mammmals

Answer 10

fur, lungs, young grows in uterus, sweet glands and produce milk

Question 11

what are arthropods

Answer 11

animals with jointed legs, no backbone but an exoskeleton

Question 12

what are the four groups of arthropods

Answer 12

crustaceans, insects, myriapods, aracnids

Question 13

describe insects

Answer 13

2 pairs of wings, breath through trachea, body divided in: head, thorax and abdomen, 1 pair of antennae

Question 14

describe crustaceans

Answer 14

more than four pairs of jointed legs, 2 pairs of antennae

Question 15

describe arachnids

Answer 15

four pairs of jointed legs, no antennae, body devided in cephalothorax and abdomen

Question 16

describe myriapods

Answer 16

body composed of many similar segments, each segment has jointed legs, one pair of antennae

Question 17

are viruses living organisms? why?

Answer 17

no because they need a host to survive

Question 18

what do viruses have and what do they not have

Answer 18

they have a protein coat and genetic material. they dotn have most organelles

Question 19

describe the viral infection sequence

Answer 19

virus particle infects the cell, releases its genetic material, cell produces viral components, virus particles are assembled, virus particles are released

Question 20

how may a virus particle destroy a cell

Answer 20

by rupturing its membrane

Question 21

how do plants get energy

Answer 21

photosynthesis

Question 22

what is the equation for photosynthesis

Answer 22

CO2 + H2O –> O2 + C6H12O6

Question 23

why is chlorophyll necessary for photosynthesis

Answer 23

to capture energy from sunlight and transfer it to H2O AND CO2 molecules

Question 24

how is glucose produced in photosynthesis

Answer 24

plants capture energy from sunlight and transfer it to H2O and CO2 molecules. that energy makes the substances react, forming glucose

Question 25

what is photosynthesis

Answer 25

process in which plants synthesize carbohydrats from raw materials using energy from light

Question 26

in what form is glucose stored in plants

Answer 26

startch and/or cellulose

Question 27

what do plants need glucose for (give 4 examples)

Answer 27

to produce cellulose for cell walls, to make nectar, for active transport and growth, to create amino acids and other substances

Question 28

where does photosynthesis happen in plants?

Answer 28

in the cells of leaves, in chloroplasts

Question 29

describe leaves

Answer 29

flat, attached to stem by a leaf stalk, thin large surface area

Question 30

how is water brought to the leaves

Answer 30

through xylem vessels

Question 31

how are the tissues of a leaf

Answer 31

thin but made of layers of specialized cells

Question 32

what are four factors that affect photosynthesis

Answer 32

supply of raw materials, quantity of sunlight, temperature, amount of chlorophyll in the leaf

Question 33

what is destartching

Answer 33

leaving a plant in the dark for long enough for it to use up its starch stores