Characteristics Of Life Flashcards
Which are the cellular organization levels?
The cell is the minimum unit of living organisms.
Levels:
Cells, tissues, organ, organ system, organism.
Types of reproduction
Sexual: combines genetic information of two individuals of different sexes. Gamete formation and fertilization take place, the process is slow and variation occurs (offspring is different from parents)
Asexual: only needs 1 organism, the genetic information of the offspring is the same as the parent’s, variability is only possible by mutations, organisms are more able to survive thanks to this type.
What is metabolism?
The process in which living beings obtain and use energy through chemical reactions that modify one molecule into another.
What is anabolic?
Small molecules are built up into larger ones, requires ATP.
What is catabolic?
Large molecules are broken down into smaller ones, releases ATP.
What is growth?
Increase in mass and size of an organism, it occurs due to the multiplication of cells that use nutrients.
What is development?
Maturation of the organism, increase in capacity and ability to function effectively.
Name the 2 factors that affect growth
Genetic factors: disease resistance, food conversion efficiency, abnormal growth rate, etc.
Hormones: animals- somatotropin, plants- growth regulators.
Define reaction to stimuli
It’s when living beings react to their environment, for example touch, light, heat, humidity, chemicals, etc.
What is developed in animals and not in plants, that is a type of reaction?
Irritability.
What does homeostasis maintain?
It seeks to maintain an internal balance in the body in the face of external changes.
Name the 3 components of homeostasis
A receptor, a control center and an effector.
What are the 2 types of feedback and what differentiates them?
Negative feedback is when your body counteracts the variable in response.
Positive feedback is when the body’s response is to increase something,
Which were Lamarck’s principles?
Use and disuse and inheritance of acquired characteristics.
Who developed the idea of natural selection and what is it?
It is basically the survival of the fittest, which will pass on their genes to their offspring over several generations.
