characteristics and classification of living organisms

Question 1

7 life processes

Answer 1

movement,respiration,sensitivity,growth,reproduction.excretion,nutrition

Question 2

describe movement

Answer 2

action by an organism or part of an organism causing a change of position or place.

Question 3

describe respiration

Answer 3

chemical reactions in cells that break down nutrient molevules and release energy for metabolism.

Question 4

describe sensitivity

Answer 4

ability to detect and respond to changes in the internal or external environment

Question 5

describe growth

Answer 5

permanent increase in size and dry mass

Question 6

describe reproduction

Answer 6

process that make more of the same kind of organism

Question 7

describe excretion

Answer 7

removal from organisms of the waste products of metabolism,toxic materials and substances in excess requirements

Question 8

describe nutrition

Answer 8

taking in materials for energy,growth and development

Question 9

why is there a need for classification

Answer 9

makes identification of living organisms easier

Question 10

what is a species

Answer 10

group of organisms that can reproduce to produce fertile offspring

Question 11

meaning of fertile

Answer 11

able to reproduce when they become an adult

Question 12

linnean classification system

Answer 12

kingdom,phylus,class,order,family,genus,species

Question 13

what is the binomial naming system

Answer 13

genus and species of organism.genus always capital,species always no capital letter,needs to be italicised when typed,underlined when handwritten

Question 14

5 kingdoms

Answer 14

bacteria:very small and single celled,no nucleus.protists:single celled with nucleus.Fungi:cell walls contain chitin,with nucleus.Plants:multicellular organism can make food through photosynthesis.Animals:multicellular,have to obtain food

Question 15

tell me about the kingdom monera

Answer 15

single-elled prokaryote,microscopic,has cell wall,has a plasma membrane and cytoplasm containing glycogen granules.some have slime capsules and some have 1 or more flagella

Question 16

tell me about the kingdom protista(protoctist)

Answer 16

unicellular eukaryotes with a distinct membrane-bound nucleus.usually motile,made possible by pseudopodia and beating of flagella or cilia.some can make own food(protophyta).some take in and digest food(protozoa)

Question 17

tell me about kingdom fungi

Answer 17

multicellular organisms composed of thread-like hyphae which form a network called mycelium,cell walls made of chitin.hyphae may be divided by cross walls into short segments or may merge together with nuclei spread along the cytoplasm.do not produce cytoplasm thus do not photosynthesise.secrete enzymes to digest food outside the cells and absorb the soluble products.fungi are parasitic or saprophytic in their nutrition.some produce spores in a sporangium or cap.parasitic fungi cause disease.

Question 18

tell me about the plant kingdom

Answer 18

multicellular.eukaryotic cells which contain distinct membrane bound nucleus.possess a cellulose cell wall.usually contain chloroplasts filled with chlorophyll and are thus able to photosynthesise.

Question 19

what aer angiospermophyta

Answer 19

possess roots,stems and leaves.possess xylem and phloem for transport.Produce flowers as part of their reproductive cycle.produce seeds enclosed in a fruit formed from ovary

Question 20

what are the 2 classes of flowering plants

Answer 20

monocotelydons and dicotelydons

Question 21

monocots feature

Answer 21

long and narrow leaves.leaves have parallel veins.seeds contain single cotyledon or seed leaf.flower parts are grouped in threes

Question 22

dicots features

Answer 22

leaves are usually broad with network of veins.seeds contain 2 cotyledons.flower parts are grouped in 4s or 5s

Question 23

kingdom animalia

Answer 23

multicellular.no cell wall,no chlorophyll so no photosyntheiss and heterotrophic obtaining nutrient by eating and digesting other living organisms,usually mobile

Question 24

phylum nematoda

Answer 24

long and cylindrical body,not segmented body,pointed at both ends.may be parasitic

Question 25

phylum mollusca

Answer 25

most have shell,hardened by calcium carbonate,have muscular foot,may have eyes on tentacles,bodies soft and unsegmented