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Biology > Characteristics and classification of living organisms > Flashcards

Characteristics and classification of living organisms Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Movement

A

n action by an organism or part of an organism, causing change of position or place

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2
Q

Respiration

A

The chemical reactions in cells that breakdown nutrient molecules and release energy for metabolism

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3
Q

Metabolism

A

The chemical reactions that take place in living organisms

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4
Q

Sensitivity

A

The ability to detect and respond to the changes in the external and internal environment

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5
Q

Growth

A

A permanent increase in size and dry mass

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6
Q

Reproduction

A

The process that make more of the same kind of organism

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7
Q

Excretion

A

The removal of the waste products of metabolism and substances in excess of requirement.

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8
Q

Nutrition

A

Taking in materials for growth, energy and development

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9
Q

Common ancestor

A

A species that lived in the past, but is thought to have given rise to several different species alive today

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10
Q

Kingdom

A

One of the major groups into which all organisms are classified

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11
Q

Genus

A

A group species that share similar features and a common ancestor

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12
Q

Organic substances

A

substances whose molecules contain carbon( organic compounds made by living things )

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13
Q

Chlorophyll

A

A green pigment that absorbs energy from light,
which is used to combine carbon dioxide with water and glucose. (Needs magnesium to be produced)

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14
Q

Cellulose

A

A carbohydrate that forms long fibres and makes up the cell walls of plants

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15
Q

Fungus`

A

An organism whose cells have cell walls but does not photosynthesise

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16
Q

Prokaryote

A

An organism whose cells do not have a nucleus

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17
Q

Protoctist

A

A single-celled organism, or one with several very similar cells

18
Q

Hyphae

A

Microscopic threads, made up of cells inked in a long line, that make up the fungus

19
Q

Decomposers

A

Organisms breakdown organic substances outside their bodies, releasing nutrients from them that other organisms can use.

20
Q

Spores

A

Very small groups of cells surrounded by a protective wall, used in reproduction

21
Q

Metamorphosis

A

Changing from a larva with one body to an adult with a different body form.

22
Q

Pinna

A

A flap on the outside of the body that directs sound into the ear

23
Q

Placenta

A

An organ that connects the growing fetus to its mother, in which the blood of the fetus and mother are brought close together so that materials can be exchanged between them

24
Q

Mammary glands

A

Organs found only in mammals, which produce milk to feed their young

25
Q

Diaphragm

A

A muscle that separates the chest cavity and abdominal cavity in mammals, it helps with breathing

26
Q

Arthropod

A

An animal with jointed legs and no backbone

27
Q

Exoskeleton

A

A supportive structure on the outside of the body

28
Q

Vestigial

A

description of a structure that has evolved to become so small that it is no longer useful

29
Q

Fish

A

Vertebrates
Have gills
Have fins

30
Q

Amphibians

A

Vertebrates with moist- scaleless skin
eggs laid in water, tadpole lives in water
Larve has gills and adult has lungs

31
Q

Reptiles

A

Scaly skin
Rubbery eggs

32
Q

Birds/ Aves

A

Feathers
Forelimbs are wings
Hard eggs
Beak
Heart has four chambers

33
Q

Mammals

A

Fur
Placenta
Diaphragm
Young feed on milk from mammary glands
Endothermic
Different types of teeth

34
Q

Insecta

A

Three pairs of legs
Two pairs of wings
Breathe through trachea
Head, thorax, abdomen

35
Q

Crustaceans

A

Four or more pairs of legs
breathe through gills

36
Q

Arachnids

A

Four pairs of legs
Gills called book lungs

37
Q

Myriapods

A

The body consists of many segments
Each segment has jointed legs
Antenna present

38
Q

Ferns

A

Fronds
Reproduce by spores

39
Q

Fungi

A

Saprophytic
No chloroplast
Cell Walls made from chitin
cells joined together to form threads called hyphae

40
Q

Monocot leaves

A

Leaf- long, narrow
Veins-Parrellel
Petals-Threes
Roots-branched

41
Q

Dicot leaves

A

Leaf- Broad
Vein-branching
Petal- Fives
Roots- Taproot

42
Q

Virus

A

Unicellular
Cell wall
No nucleus, only strands of DNA
Flagella
Dead outside host oragnism

Biology (7 decks)

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