Biological molecules Flashcards
carbohydrates
Substances that include sugars, starch and cellulose (C, H, O)
Sugars
Carbohydrates that have relatively small molecules, soluble in water
Glucose
A sugar that is used in respiration to release energy.
Glycogen
A carbohydrate that is used as an energy store in animal cells
Starch
Carbohydrates that are used as energy store in plant cells
Fats and oils
Fats- lipids that are solid at RTP
Oil- lipids that are liquid at RTP
uses- insulation, energy store and cell membrane
Lipids
a substance containing (C, H, O) insoluble and used a energy stores in organisms.
emulsion
a liquid containing two substances that do not fully mix; one of them forms tiny droplets dispersed throughout the other.
protein
a substance whose molecules are made of many amino acids linked together; each different protein has a different sequence of amino acids
amino acids
a substance with molecules containing, (C, H, O, N); 20 different amino acids found in organisms
Antibodies
molecules secreted by white blood cells which bind pathogens and help to destroy them.
Pathogens
Microorganisms that cause diseases
Nucleotides
Molecules that are linked together into long chains to make up a DNA molecule
Base
One of the components of the DNA, their sequence determines the proteins that are made in the cell.
Complementary base pairing
The way in which the bases of two strands of DNA pair up.
