Characteristics and classification of living organisms Flashcards
What are the characteristics of living organisms? Expand it
MRS. GREN:
M - Movement : an action by an organism or a part of organism causing a change of position or place.
R - Respiration : chemical reaction in cells that breakdown nutrient molecules and release energy for metabolism.
S - sensitivity : is the ability to detect or sense stimuli in the internal or external environment and to make appropriate responses.
G - Growth : is a permanent increase in size and dry mass by an increase in cell number or cell size or both.
R- reproduction : is the process that makes more of the same kind of organism’s.
E- excretion : Removal from organisms of the waste products of metabolism, (chemical reaction in cells including respiration), toxic materials and substances in excess of requirement.
N - Nutrition : taking in materials for energy, growth, and development.
What are the two parts that make up the scientific name of an organism?
Genus and species
What are the certain things that all organisms have/share?
- cytoplasm
- cell membrane
- DNA
- ribosomes
- Enzymes
What are the names of the kingdoms that the organism are classified into?
- animal
- plant
- fungus
- prokaryote (bacteria)
- protoctist
Define the animal kingdom and its futures?
- multicellular ingestive heterotrophs.
Define plant Kingdom and its future?
Multicellular photosynthetic autotrophic (make their food) organism with a cellulose cell wall and chloroplasts. Ex: cactus, oak tree.
Define fungi Kingdom and its features?
Single-celled or multicellular heterotrophic and saprotrophic organisms with cell walls not made of cellulose but chitin , spread by spreading spores in moist/dark/warm environments. Most have hyphae and mycelium in structure. Ex: yeast, mushrooms.
Define protist protoctist Kingdom and its features?
Single-celled (unicellular) organism with a nucleus. Ex: Amoeba, seaweed.
- cell wall present
- nucleus present
- chlorophyll sometimes present
Define prokaryote (bacteria) Kingdom features?
Single-celled (unicellular) organisms with no true nucleus or DNA in the cytoplasm. Many also have plasmids. Ex: E.coli, Salmonella.
What are arthropods?
Invertebrates: Organisms that do not have a backbone.
What are the 3 features that all arthropods share?
- Exoskeleton
- joined legs
- segmented body
What are the features of insects as a arthropod?
- 3 pairs of legs
- body segmented into: head, thorax, abdomen
- 1 pair compound eye
- 1 pair of antenna
- 1 to 2 pair of wings
E. G : bees
What are the features of arachnids as a arthropod?
- 4 pairs of leg
- body segmented into: cephalothorax and abdomen
- several pair of simple eyes
E. G spiders
What are the features of crustaceans as a arthropod?
- 1 pair of compound eye.
- body segmented into: cephalothorax and abdomen
- 4 or more pair of legs
E. G; crabs
What are the features of myriapode as a arthropod?
- 1 pair of antenna
- simple eye
- 10 to more legs
- segmented body but no obvious segments
E. G centipedes
What are some other Invertebrates?
- annelids
- nematodes
- molluscs
What are the features of annelids?
- elongated cylindrical body
- segmented body
- mouth and anus present
- mucus layer.
E. G leech
What are the features of nematodes?
- elongated cylindrical body
- unsegmented body
- body pointed at both ends
E. G: pinworm
What are the features of molluscs?
- most have shells
- muscular foot for moving
- eyes and tentacles.
E. G : snails
What the vertebrates?
- fish
- amphibians
- reptiles
- birds
What are the features of fish a vertebrate?
- scales
- fins
- external fertilisation and soft eggs
- Gills to breathe
What are the features of amphibians as vertebrates?
- moist skin
- 4 limbs
- webbed back feet
- eggs in water
What are the features of reptiles as vertebrates?
- dry skin
- scales
- shelled eggs on land
4 legs
What are the features of birds as a vertebrate?
- feathers
- wings
- eggs with shell
What are the features of mammals as vertebrates?
- fur
- 4 limbs
- live young
