Chaptr 6 Flashcards
Alongside of twigs, will be flowers, twigs, or next year’s growth
Axillary bud
At the end can be false or pseudo bud if end falls off, will be growth for next year
Terminal bud
Where a leaf is a detached also a bud at node
Node
Space between nodes
Internode
Marks along twigs for gas exchange
Lential
Last years terminal bud, from here to terminal but his age in years
Terminal bud scale scars
Located inside bundle scar space right under axillary bud, where leaf was attached. May appear to be shield like
Leaf scar
Where the vascular tissue grew out, how you tell species in winter, very distinctive
Bundle scar
Stem of a leaf
Petiole
Flat green part of a leaf
Blade
Come off base of petiole, almost like leafy brachs, for photosynthesis. Usually two, sometimes go into thorns.
Stipules
Look like horns new emerging leaves
located inside
Leaf primordium
Mitosis
located inside
A pickle meristem
Axillary bud
Bud primordium
Outside layer
Located inside
Protoderm
Will become primary tissue… Located inside
Procambium
Tissue between vascular tissue in below epidermis
Cortex
Always to outside… Located inside
Phloem
Always to inside… Located inside
Xylem
Center
Pith
Makes primary tissue
Apical meristem
Strand of xylem and phloem sometimes called bundles of vascular tissue if several xylem and phloem Are put together
Trace
Place in stemware there is no vascular tissue
Leaf gap
Right above axillary bud, least gap of no vascular tissue above it.
Bud gap
Found in simple, ancient plants
Protostele
Found in fern… Has two layers of Phloem
Siphonostele
Moves water from ground up
Xylem
Moves sugars down to ground
Phloem
Outer layer of Phloem
Outer endodermis
Where pith starts
To keep water in, along with outer endodermis
Inner endodermis
Vascular tissue arranged in bundles in flowering plants
Ellstele
Separates xylem and phloem. can do subdivision
Vascular cambium
Vascular tissue arranged in bundles… Like circle around the outer and pith in Center
Dicot arrangement
Bundles of vascular tissue all over like separate bundles of vascular tissue
Monocot arrangement
The visual cells that make up sheath
Bundle sheath cell
Moves primary xylem and phloem away, space between them is secondary growth
Secondary growth at vascular cambium
It is adding cells to both secondary xylem and secondary phloem
As cells divide in vascular cambium
Always more blink than blank
Xylem than phloem
Functionary when dead in wood
Xylem
For conducting water, sugar, minerals, laterally through plant
Rays
Conducts water and photosynthesis generally down
Phloem
Nonfunctioning secondary xylem
Heartwood
Functioning secondary xylem
Sapwood
All tissue outside vascular cambium
Bark
Primary and secondary Phloem
Inner bark
Cortex, and periderm, cork cambrium, phelloderm
Outer bark
All have nodes inner nodes
Specialized stems
Underground horizontal stem, adventitious roots, growing off stem
Rhizome
Large swollen underground stem… Eye = node
Tuber
Similar to runner, but underground and stomach is used to spread
Stolon
Horizontal stem above ground
Runner
To hold, climb, stability
Tendrill
Bottom… Stand where roots touch, everything else is leaves
Bulb
Gladiolus… Much larger stem, papery leaves, almost nut like usually old corm on bottom
Corm
Modified stems
Thorns example Prickleypear
