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X-RAY 210 > Chapters 9, 15-18 > Flashcards

Chapters 9, 15-18 Flashcards

0
Q

What 2 things commonly lead to shock?

A

Low blood pressure

Tachycardia

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1
Q

The body is not getting enough blood flow; Extreme reaction to illness

A

Shock

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2
Q

Loss of intravascular fluid

A

Hypovolemic shock

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3
Q

The heart is damage so much by an MI but cannot pump enough blood to the rest of the body

A

Cardiogenic shock

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4
Q

Severe allergic reaction that causes vasodilation; The blood pools in the extremities

A

Anaphylactic shock

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5
Q

What 2 medications are commonly given for anaphylactic shock?

A

Epinephrine

Benadryl

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6
Q

Another name for a heart attack

A

Myocardial infarction

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7
Q

Interruption of blood to the brain

A

Stroke

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8
Q

What are the two types of CVAs?

A

Ischemic

Hemorrhagic

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9
Q

Patients heart stops beating; use chest compressions hard and fast

A

Cardiac arrest

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10
Q

Patient stops breathing

A

Respiratory arrest

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11
Q

Heart muscles quivering and not sending blood; use defibrillator

A

Ventricular fibrillation

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12
Q

An unsystematic discharge of neurons

A

Seizure

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13
Q

Fainting spells

A

Syncope

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14
Q

Part of a cell that the drug binds to

A

Receptor

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15
Q

Drugs that produce an effect when it binds to a cell

A

Agonist

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16
Q

Drugs that prevent an affect when it binds to a cell; “blocking drugs “

A

Antagonist

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17
Q

3 categories that medications are classified by

A

Their name
Motive action
Prescription/non-prescription

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18
Q

The study of drugs

A

Pharmacology

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19
Q

The study of what the body does to the drug

A

Pharmacokinetics

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20
Q

What are the 4 pharmacokinetics?

A

Absorbs it
Distributes it
Metabolizes it
Excretes it

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21
Q

The study of what the drug does to the body

A

Pharmacodynamics

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22
Q

What are the two routes of administration for medication?

A

Local medications

Systemic medications

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23
Q

Where are the 4 major routes of administering systemic drugs?

A

Oral
Rectal
Sublingual
Parenteral

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24
Q

Injection into the spine

A

Intrathecal

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25
Q

The introduction of a fluid through a vein

A

Intravenous therapy

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26
Q

What are 2 ways drugs can be administered via a vein?

A

Central

Peripheral

27
Q

Refers to vena cava

A

Central

28
Q

Refers to the veins of the extremities

A

Peripheral

29
Q

Inside a blood vessel

A

Intravascular

30
Q

Contrast agents that attenuate less radiation and have a low atomic number

A

Negative contrast agents

31
Q

Include iodine and barium

A

Positive contrast agents

32
Q

Have high atomic numbers and attenuates more radiation

A

Positive contrast agents

33
Q

Water

A

Solvent

34
Q

Water with “things “dissolved in it

A

Solution

35
Q

“Things “in the solution

A

Solute

36
Q

What is whole blood made of?

A

Plasma

Blood cells

37
Q

Breaks apart into ions

A

Ionic iodine–based contrast media

38
Q

Does not break apart; not as hyperosmolar

A

Nonionic iodine-based contrast media

39
Q

Does non-ionic have iodine in it?

A

Yes

40
Q

Amount of “things “in the iodine

A

Osmolarity

41
Q

What is the osmolarity of non-ionic?

A

300-484 mOsm/kg water

42
Q

Osmolarity of plasma

A

280-295 mOsm/kg water

43
Q

What made the contrast media concentration radiopaque?

A

Iodine atoms

44
Q

Stickiness

A

Viscosity

45
Q

What does higher viscosity require?

A

Higher injection pressures

46
Q

The ability of the contrast to mix with the blood

A

Miscibility

47
Q

What is the route of elimination of the iodine contrast?

A

Urinary system

48
Q

What are the 3 main types of reaction that can occur after injection?

A

Overdose
Anaphylactic
Drop in blood pressure

49
Q

Caused by hyperosmolarity

A

Drop in blood pressure

50
Q

Do the cells of the heart emit electricity?

A

Yes

51
Q

The natural pacemaker of the heart

A

SA node

52
Q

Which group of cells in the heart generates the electrical signal?

A

SA node

53
Q

Where is the SA node located?

A

In the right atrium of the heart

54
Q

The heart is beating normally and the impulse is originating in the SA node as it should

A

Normal sinus rhythm

55
Q

What causes the heart to contract?

A

The electrical signal that travels through the heart

56
Q

Represents atrial contraction

A

P wave

57
Q

Represents ventricular contraction

A

QRS complex

58
Q

Pumps blood into the pulmonary arteries

A

Right ventricle

59
Q

Pumps blood into the aorta

A

Left ventricle

60
Q

Represents ventricular relaxation

A

T wave

61
Q

When is it okay to shock patient?

A

Ventricular fibrillation

62
Q

When will shocking the patient not work?

A

Asystole

63
Q

When do you use chest compressions and epinephrine?

A

Asystole

64
Q

No P wave

A

Atrial fibrillation

65
Q

What does STEMI stand for?

A

S-T-Elevated-M-I

66
Q

What is the most important part of analyzing an ECG strip?

A

The ST segment

X-RAY 210 (8 decks)

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