Chapters 8, 15, 18, 19 Flashcards
models of disability
useful tools that allow for understanding of how and why persons with disability, including BI, ahve been treated throughout history
Moral Model of disability
AKA Religious Model
thinks of disability as a result of sin, evil, or character flaw. Science of Eugenics and Social Darwinism encouraged this model; people with visible disabilities were devalued immediately while those with invisible disabilities like mental illness or brain injury were isolated and excluded
Biomedical Model of disability
AKA Medical Model
- tx concerned with changing the individual
- exclusion of therapeutic services after medical stabilization has occurred and promotes concepts such as treatment plateaus and maximum medical recovery
- dichotomous (health vs illness)
- can lead to stereotypes and stigmas; people are identified by their deficits
Environmental Model of disability
intervention is sought to address both physical and social environments of the individual.
- proposes that environment can cause, define, or exaggerate disability
- environment can both facilitate and limit physical access and opportunities for work education, and social participation
- most appropriate paradigm for conceptualizing psychological disabilities
- ADA is an example of this model at work
Functional model of disability
Intervention methods are aimed at adapting the function of the individual for meaningful participations.
- most individualized and personal model
- person-centered
sociopolitical model of disability
AKA Minority Group or Independent Living Model
- goal is for inclusion, civil rights, and equal social status
- recognized that prejudice and discrimination are causal factors in disability
- considers othr social identities of people with disaibilities (gender, religion, sexual orientation, race, ethnicity, etc)
person-centered approach
historically rooted in Carl Rodgers perosn-centered Tehrapy; based on subjective view fo human experience and empowers teh persons served to guide the rehab team to focus on their priorities, values, and desired outcomes
6 tenents of person-centered approach
Autonomy Beneficience Non-maleficence Fidelity Justice Veracity
Autonomy
right to make your own decisions
beneficience
persons providing treatment have obligation to do good for the person they are treating
non-maleficence
persons providing treatment should avoid causing harm to the other person served in all considerations
fidelity
persons providing services should keep promises made and inspire faithfulness
justice
persons should demonstrate equality and fairness
veracity
persons providing tx have oblication to be truthful in professional interactions and to demonstrate an unwillingness to tell a lie that affects the quality of service received by an individual served
critical components for facilitating person-centered care
person-first language humaneness communication questions vs directives non-judgmental approach
components of a successful interdisciplinary team
effective communication cooperation challenges itself to push beyond the easy and expected treatment approaches collaboration in setting rehab goals develop individualized tx plans assessing progress toward goals
Iatrogenesis
inadvertently induced disease of problem caused by a physician, therapy, or the medical setting itself
(eg. MRSA contracted while at the hospital)
