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Etymology > Chapters 8-14 English vocab > Flashcards

Chapters 8-14 English vocab Flashcards

1
Q

aristrocracy

A

government by the best individuals or by a small privileged/upper class

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2
Q

geometry

A

a branch of mathematics that deals with the measurements, properties, and relationships of points, lines, angles, surfaces, and solids

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3
Q

sophistic

A

plausible but fallacious (sounding correct but is actually false)

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4
Q

psychic

A

relating to nonphysical or supernatural understanding or perception

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5
Q

chronometer

A

a very accurate timepiece

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6
Q

philosophic

A

of or relating to the study of basic ideas about knowledge, right and wrong, reasoning, and the value of things; showing wisdom and calm when faced with misfortune

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7
Q

microcosm

A

a little world or community that is an epitome of a larger unity

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8
Q

cosmic

A

characterized greatness in extent or intensity, OR relating to the universe

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9
Q

cosmetic

A

superficial; done or made for the sake of appearance

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10
Q

cosmos

A

order, harmony

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11
Q

telemetry

A

the process of using equipment to take measurements of something and transmitting the results by radio to a distant station

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12
Q

chronological

A

arranged in the order of time

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13
Q

ailurophobia

A

fear of cats

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14
Q

brontophobia

A

fear of thunder

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15
Q

nyctophobia

A

fear of night

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16
Q

autocracy

A

rule by a single person with unlimited authority

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17
Q

epigrammatic

A

marked by the use of epigrams (a terse, sage, or witty saying/poem)

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18
Q

helicoid

A

forming or arranged in a spiral

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19
Q

eponymous

A

being the person/thing for whom/which something is named

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20
Q

anonymity

A

the quality or state of not being named or identified

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21
Q

eulogy

A

high praise; a commendatory oration or writing, esp. in honour of one deceased

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22
Q

apathetic

A

having or showing little or no feeling or emotion

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23
Q

pathos

A

an emotion of sympathetic pity

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24
Q

psychopath

A

a mentally ill or unstable perso

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25
Q

telepathy

A

communication from one mind to another by extrasensory means

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26
Q

aphonia

A

loss of voice

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27
Q

symphony

A

consonance or harmony of sound or colour

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28
Q

euphonious

A

pleasing to the ear

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29
Q

phosphorescence

A

an enduring luminescence caused by the absorption of radiation

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30
Q

photophobia

A

intolerance to light

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31
Q

theocratic

A

relating to a form of government in which a country is ruled by religious leaders

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32
Q

monotheistic

A

relating to the doctrine/belief that there is one God

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33
Q

pantheon

A

a group of illustrious or notable persons or things

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34
Q

Pantheon

A

a temple dedicated to all the gods

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35
Q

toxophilite

A

a lover or archery

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36
Q

symbiosis

A

a cooperative relationship; the living together in more or less intimate association or close union of two dissimilar organisms

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37
Q

antibiotic

A

a drug that is used to kill harmful bacteria

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38
Q

skepticism

A

an attitude of doubt or a disposition to incredulity

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39
Q

grammatical

A

conforming to the rules of grammar (a system of inflections & syntax in a language)

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40
Q

gynandromorph

A

an individual exhibiting characteristics of both sexes

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41
Q

gynecocracy

A

political supremacy of women

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42
Q

pseudoscience

A

a system of theories, assumptions, and methods erroneously regarded as scientific

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43
Q

pseudosophisticate

A

a person who feigns sophistication (being complex, cultured, knowledgeable)

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44
Q

endemic

A

peculiar to or native to a particular people, country, or region

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45
Q

synchronous

A

happening at exactly the same time

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46
Q

agraphia

A

the pathological loss of the ability to write

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47
Q

atheism

A

the doctrine that there is no deity

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48
Q

Apocrypha

A

biblical or related writings not forming part of the accepted canon of Scripture

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49
Q

apocryphal stories

A

stories that are well-known but of doubtful authenticity; spurious

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50
Q

euphoria

A

a feeling of well-being or elation

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51
Q

epidemiology

A

the study of the incidence, distribution, and control of disease in a population

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52
Q

pandemic

A

occurring over a wide geographical area

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53
Q

metaphor

A

a figure of speech in which a word/phrase literally denoting one kind of object/idea is used in place of another to suggest a likeness or analogy between them

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54
Q

apotheosis

A

elevation to divine status; the perfect example

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55
Q

graphology

A

the study of handwriting, esp. for the purpose of character analysis

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56
Q

toxicosis

A

a pathological condition caused by the action of a poison or toxin

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57
Q

acropolis

A

the upper fortified part of an ancient Greek city (Athens)

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58
Q

panoply

A

a magnificent or impressive array

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59
Q

cacophony

A

harsh or discordant sound

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60
Q

encrypt

A

to change information from one form to another, esp. to hide its meaning

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61
Q

decrypt

A

decode

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62
Q

cryptogram

A

a message written in cipher or code

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63
Q

crypt

A

a chamber underground

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64
Q

archaic

A

having characteristics of the past or an earlier time

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65
Q

archaeology

A

the study of remains of past cultures

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66
Q

archaism

A

an old word or expression that is no longer used

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67
Q

asteroid

A

a small rocky celestial body

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68
Q

archaeoastronomy

A

the study of how people in the past have understood the phenomena in the sky, and what role the sky played in their cultures

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69
Q

anachronism

A

a person or thing that seems to belong in the past and not to fit in the present

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70
Q

anomaly

A

deviation from the common rule; something abnormal

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71
Q

orthodox

A

conventional; accepting and closely following the traditional beliefs and customs of a religion

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72
Q

paradoxical

A

having seemingly contradictory qualities

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73
Q

Neolithic

A

relating to the last period of the Stone Age

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74
Q

Paleolithic

A

relating to the earliest period of the Stone Age

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75
Q

monolithic rule

A

exhibiting or characterized by often rigidly fixed uniformity

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76
Q

monolith

A

a single great stone, often in the form of an obelisk or column

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77
Q

anthropomorphic

A

described or thought of as having a human form or human attributes

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78
Q

autonomy

A

the quality of being self-governing

79
Q

periodontist

A

branch of dentistry dealing with diseases of the supporting structures of the teeth

80
Q

orthodontia

A

treatment used on teeth to make them grow straight

81
Q

thermography

A

a technique for detecting and measuring variations in the heat emitted by various regions of the body

82
Q

hypothermia

A

subnormal temperature of the body

83
Q

thermal (n.)

A

a rising body of warm air

84
Q

diathermy

A

the generation of heat in tissue by electrical currents for medical or surgical purposes

85
Q

topography

A

the features in an area of land

86
Q

toponym

A

a place name

87
Q

topical

A

designed for or involving local application and action (as on the body)

88
Q

parameter

A

a rule or limit that controls what something is or how something should be done

89
Q

neologism

A

a new word, usage, or expression

90
Q

endodontics

A

dental specialty concerned w/ the study and treatment of the dental pulp

91
Q

paleography

A

the study of ancient and historical handwriting

92
Q

metamorphosis

A

a change of physical form, structure, or substance

93
Q

orthograde walking

A

upright walking

94
Q

exodontia

A

branch of dentistry dealing with the extraction of teeth

95
Q

perigee of an orbiting satellite

A

the point in its orbit tat is nearest to the center of the earth

96
Q

apogee of an orbiting satellite

A

the point in its orbit that is the greatest distance from the center of the earth

97
Q

metonymy

A

a figure of speech in which a thing or concept is called not by its own name but rather by the name of something associated w/ that thing or concept, e.g. “Hollywood” is a metonym the U.S. film industry

98
Q

anesthetize

A

to produce loss of sensation

99
Q

esthetic

A

relating to the beautiful or that which is pleasing in appearance

100
Q

hyperbole

A

an extravagant exaggeration

101
Q

parley

A

to discuss terms with an enemy

102
Q

agnostic

A

a person who does not have a definite belief about whether God exists or not

103
Q

diagnosis

A

the act of identifying a disease, illness, or problem by examining someone or something

104
Q

prognosis

A

a judgement about the prospect of recovery or about what is going to happen in the future

105
Q

Mesolithic

A

relating to a transitional period of the Stone Age between the Paleolithic and the Neolithic

106
Q

Mesozoic

A

the era of geological history marked by the presence of dinosaurs, marine and flying reptiles, the appearance of mammals and birds, etc.

107
Q

plastic

A

capable of being modeled

108
Q

prototype

A

an original model of a new design

109
Q

apostasy

A

renunciation of a religious faith; defection or abandonment of a previous loyalty

110
Q

Apostate

A

someone whose beliefs have changed and who no longer belongs to a religious or political group

111
Q

static

A

showing little change; characterized by lack of progression

112
Q

antithetical

A

being in direct opposition

113
Q

antithesis

A

the direct opposite

114
Q

epizootic

A

an outbreak of a disease affecting many animals of one kind at the same time

115
Q

protozoology

A

the study of protozoans (tiny single-celled organisms)

116
Q

hyperplasia

A

abnormal increase in # of cells

117
Q

syndrome

A

a group of things (e.g. signs & symptoms) that occur together and characterize a particular condition or pattern

118
Q

anathema

A

something strongly loathed or accursed

119
Q

ecstatic

A

marked by extreme delight

120
Q

metathesis

A

transposition of two phonemes in a word

121
Q

typical

A

combining or exhibiting the essential characteristics of a group

122
Q

catalyst

A

an agent that provokes or speeds up significant change or action

123
Q

esthete

A

one having or affecting sensitivity to the beautiful especially in art

124
Q

hippodrome

A

stadium for horse & chariot races

125
Q

paleozoology

A

the study of animal remains from geological contexts (i.e. fossils)

126
Q

hemolysin

A

lipid or protein that causes lysis of red blood cells

127
Q

parable

A

a short story that illustrates a moral attitude or religious principle

128
Q

stereotype

A

a standardized mental picture that is held in common by members of a group and that represents an oversimplified opinion, prejudiced attitude, or uncritical judgement

129
Q

hypothetical

A

imagined as an example

130
Q

diabolic

A

extremely evil; devilish

131
Q

parlance

A

manner or mode of speech

132
Q

zoophyte

A

an invertebrate animal resembling a plant, e.g. coral or sponge

133
Q

palimpsest

A

writing material used one or more times after earlier writing has been erased

134
Q

epenthesis

A

the insertion of an extra vowel in a word

135
Q

automaton

A

individual who acts in a mechanical fashion

136
Q

pedagogical

A

relating to teachers or education

137
Q

demagogue

A

a leader who makes use of popular prejudices and false claims and promises in order to gain power

138
Q

agonizing

A

very mentally or physically painful

139
Q

hierarchy

A

a system in which people or things are placed in a series of levels with different importance or status

140
Q

anarchy

A

absence of government or established order

141
Q

archetype

A

a perfect example, or an original model

142
Q

monarchy

A

absolute sovereignty by a single person

143
Q

hebdomadal

A

weekly

144
Q

hologram

A

a 3D picture produced by a laser

145
Q

holograph

A

a document wholly in the handwriting of its author

146
Q

catholic

A

universal; broad in sympathies, tastes, or interests

147
Q

dyslexia

A

a learning disability that makes it hard for a person to read, write, and spell

148
Q

eclectic

A

composed of elements drawn from various sources

149
Q

lexicographer

A

an editor of a dictionary

150
Q

lexicon

A

dictionary; the vocabulary of a language

151
Q

antipodes

A

the parts of the earth diametrically opposite

152
Q

antipodal

A

entirely opposed

153
Q

analogous

A

similar in some way

154
Q

analogy

A

a comparison of two things based on their being alike in some way

155
Q

analogue

A

something that is similar to something else in design, origin, use, etc.

156
Q

ex cathedra

A

from the chair

157
Q

holistic

A

relating to complete systems rather than with the analysis of parts

158
Q

ennead

A

a group of nine deities in Egyptian mythology

159
Q

genesis

A

the origin or coming of being into something

160
Q

psychogenic

A

originating in the mind

161
Q

eugenic

A

relating to the production of good offspring

162
Q

icon

A

an object of uncritical devotion; idol

163
Q

euthanasia

A

the act of killing or permitting the death of sick individuals in a painless way for reasons of mercy

164
Q

maniacal

A

suggestive of madness

165
Q

manic

A

very excited, energetic, or emotional

166
Q

mnemonic

A

something that helps people remember something

167
Q

syntactic

A

relating to the rules of syntax (the way in which words are put together to form phrases)

168
Q

epiphany

A

an appearance or manifestation

169
Q

diaphanous

A

characterized by such fineness of texture as to permit seeing through

170
Q

taxonomy

A

the science of classification of things or concepts

171
Q

iconoclast

A

a destroyer of images used in religious worship; a person who attacks cherished beliefs/institutions

172
Q

iconolatry

A

the worship of icons

173
Q

dipsomania

A

a person with an insatiable craving for alcoholic drinks

174
Q

kleptomaniac

A

a person who has an irresistible urge to drink

175
Q

fantasy

A

the activity of imagining things, esp. things that are impossible or improbable

176
Q

taxidermy

A

the act of preparing, stuffing, and mounting the skins of animals

177
Q

idiosyncrasy

A

a distinctive or peculiar feature/characteristic of a place or thing

178
Q

amnesty

A

an official pardon for people who have been convicted of political offenses

179
Q

idiom

A

an expression that has a meaning not deductible from its individual words

180
Q

idiomatic

A

containing or using expressions that are natural to a native speaker

181
Q

ataxia

A

the loss of full control over bodily movements

182
Q

labyrinthine

A

intricate and confusing; irregular and twisting

183
Q

procrustean

A

enforcing uniformity or conformity without regard to natural variation or individuality

184
Q

protean

A

displaying great diversity or variety; versatile

185
Q

hematozoon

A

a parasitic animal that lives in the blood

186
Q

analgesia

A

inability to feel pain

187
Q

anodyne

A

a medicine that relives distress or pain

188
Q

acromegaly

A

abnormal growth of hands, feet, and face

189
Q

lithotripsy

A

a treatment that uses shock waves to break up stones in kidney, bladder, and ureter

190
Q

aneurysm

A

a localized enlargement of an artery

191
Q

thrombosis

A

local coagulation or clotting of the blood in the circulatory system

192
Q

symptom

A

a departure from normal function or feeling which is noticed by a patient,reflecting the presence of a disease or abnormal state

193
Q

prodromal symptom

A

early symptoms, before the full development of specific symptoms

Etymology (12 decks)

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