CHAPTERS 7 AND 8 Flashcards
Which parts of the brain have been of specific interest to those who study the neuroscience perspective of intelligence?
the frontal and parietal lobes
Beliefs that being gifted or a genius lead to being weird, socially awkward, or more likely to suffer from mental illnesses, were put to rest by ________.
Terman’s longitudinal study of gifted children
When people are asked to say how many windows they have in their dwelling, the amount of time people take to come up with the answer ________.
depends on the number of windows
Frank mistakenly believes that there are more words that begin with the letter “k” than there are with the letter “k” in the third position due to the ________.
availability heuristic
A theory of intelligence with nine components was postulated by ________.
Gardner
Which of the following is NOT one of the three areas of intelligence described by Sternberg?
exponential
What problem-solving strategies don’t guarantee solutions but make efficient use of time?
heuristics
Asking an individual to come up with a diverse and creative set of solutions to a very specific problem is encouraging that person to engage in ________ thinking.
divergent
According to Cattell and Horn, the two types of intelligence that people possess are ________ and ________ intelligence.
fluid; crystallized
Which of these might be an example of a perceptual reasoning item on the Wechsler intelligence tests?
using blocks to make a design like one shown in a picture
Which developmental psychologist theorized that concepts preceded and aided the development of language?
Piaget
Before enrolling in an abnormal psychology course, Gary’s idea of psychological disorders had been influenced primarily by talk shows. He expected to hear the same kinds of stories he had heard on talk shows. What an eye-opening experience the course turned out to be! How would a cognitive psychologist describe the influence the course had on Gary’s idea of psychological disorders?
The course altered Gary’s concept of psychological disorders.
In problem solving, the term rule of thumb refers to ________.
heuristics
A person starts from one point and comes up with many different ideas or possibilities based on that point. The person is engaging in ________.
divergent thinking
According to Robert Sternberg, which type of intelligence is LEAST likely to predict success in an academic environment?
practical intelligence
Researchers typically stress that a key aspect of intelligence is ________.
the ability to adapt to new situations
Dolphins, according to TV and movies, are very intelligent and have strong language abilities. They might even be able to talk! However, which statement is TRUE from the research?
Dolphins have not been shown to have the ability to master human syntax.
What systematic problem-solving method guarantees a solution, provided that one exists?
algorithmic method
The sentences “The dog bit the boy” and “The boy was bitten by the dog” have the same meaning, but differ in ________.
syntax
Researchers have found that ________ influenced by culture.
both language and thought are
The system of rules that governs how we combine words to form grammatical sentences is called ________.
syntax
People are termed gifted in terms of intelligence if their IQ is above ________.
130
A kind of schema that involves a familiar sequence of activities, such as how to behave when you go to a restaurant for lunch, is called a(n) ________.
script
The concept of the confirmation bias specifically assumes that we are most likely to believe ________.
information that agrees with our thinking
