Chapters 7-9

Question 1

What is the difference between algorithm and a heuristic

Answer 1

And algorithm is very specific and will always lead to a solution and a heuristic is an educated guess based on prior experiences that help narrow down the possible solutions

Question 2

Thinking about objects in terms of only their typical

Answer 2

Functional fixedness

Question 3

Searching for evidence that fits one Beliefs While ignoring any evidence that does not fit those believes

Answer 3

Confirmation bias

Question 4

Type of thinking and what your problem is seen is having only one answer and that all lines of thinking will eventually lead to that single answer

Answer 4

Convergent thinking

Question 5

Type of thinking in which a person starts from one point and comes up with many different ideas or possibilities based on that.

Answer 5

Divergent thinking

Question 6

What is Stanford –Binet iq

Answer 6

MA/CA x 100

Question 7

Refers to the test producing consistent results each time it is given to the same individual or group of people

Answer 7

Reliability

Question 8

The degree to which a test actually measures what it supposed to measure

Answer 8

Validity

Question 9

Ways a person’s intelligence is Defined

Answer 9

A person’s Mental abilities typically associated with IQ
A persons adapt behavior skills that allow people to live independently
These limitations must begin in the developmental period

Question 10

Research design in which one participant or group of participants is studied over a long period of time

Answer 10

Longitudinal design

Question 11

Research design in which several different age groups of participants are studied at one particular point in time

Answer 11

Cross sectional design

Question 12

Different participants a various ages are compared at several points in time for a period of no more than six years to determine both age-related differences and age-related changes

Answer 12

Cross sequential design

Question 13

The knowledge that and object exists even when it’s not in sight

Answer 13

Object permanence

Question 14

The tendency of the young child to focus only on one feature of an object Ignoring other relevant features

Answer 14

Centration

Question 15

The ability to understand that simply changing the appearance of an object is not change the objects nature

Answer 15

Conservation

Question 16

Preconventional morality

Answer 16

Typically very young children

The consequences determine morality Jager that is or what it is right that which is punished is wrong

Question 17

Conventional morality

Answer 17

Older children adolescents and most adults

Conformity to social norms is right nonconformity is wrong

Question 18

Postconventional morality

Answer 18

About 20% of the adult population

Moral principles are determined by the person are used to determine right and wrong and may disagree with social norms

Question 19

Type of motivation in which a person performs an action because it leads to an outcome that is separate or external to the person

Answer 19

Extrinsic motivation

Question 20

Type of motivation in which a person performs an action because the act itself is rewarding or satisfying in some internal manner

Answer 20

Intrinsic Motivation

Question 21

The need for friendly social interactions and relationships with others

Answer 21

Need for affection

Question 22

need to have control or influence over others

Answer 22

Need for power

Question 23

need that involves a strong desire to succeed in attaining goals not only realistic ones also challenging ones

Answer 23

Need for achievement

Question 24

Serious motivation in which people are said to have an optimal level attention that they seek to maintain by increasing or decreasing stimulation

Answer 24

Arousal theory

Question 25

What is Maslow’s hierarchy of needs in order from most to least
There are eight

Answer 25

Psychological needs
Safety needs
Belongingness and love needs
Esteem needs
Cognitive needs
Aesthetic needs
Self actualization needs
Transcendence needs

Question 26

When the self-determination theory what are the three needs

Answer 26

Autonomy competence and relatedness

Question 27

The need to be in control of behavior

Answer 27

Autonomy

Question 28

need to be Able to master the challenging tasks of one’s life

Answer 28

Competence

Question 29

The need to feel a sense of belonging

Answer 29

Relatedness

Question 30

Conflict when a person must choose between two desirable goals

Answer 30

Approach – approach conflict

Question 31

Conflict occurring when a person must choose between two undesirable goals

Answer 31

Avoidance – avoidance conflict

Question 32

Conflict when a person must choose or not choose a goal that has both positive and negative aspects

Answer 32

Approach – avoidance conflict

Question 33

Coping strategies that try to illuminate the source of a stressor or reduce its impact through direct actions

Answer 33

Problem – focused coping

Question 34

Coping strategies that change the impact of a stress by changing the emotional reaction to the stressor

Answer 34

Emotion – focused coping

Question 35

Insulin __________ The levels of glucose in the body while glucagon ____________ The levels of glucose in the body

Answer 35

Decreases; increases

Question 36

reduces the appetite by sending signals to the hypothalamus

Answer 36

Leptin

Question 37

What is the brain does emotion use

Answer 37

Sympathetic nervous system

Question 38

What does the James Lange theory say

Answer 38

I am afraid because I’m shaking

Question 39

What does the Cannon Bard theory of emotion say

Answer 39

I am shaking and feeling afraid at the same time

Question 40

Serious emotion in which a stimulus must be interpreted by a person in order To result in a physical response and an emotional reaction

Answer 40

Cognitive mediational theory