Chapters 7 Flashcards
set theory
the mathematical study of the infinite, or the mathematical study of sets
set
a well-defined collection of things, objects, or events
subset
a portion of a larger set
universal set
the set of all possible events, outcomes, measurements, objects, etc.
gambler’s fallacy
the erroneous belief that an event is less likely to happen if it follows a series of similar events, or that past events can change the probability of a random future event
conditional probability
the probability of a given event that depends on (or is conditional upon) the occurrence or nonoccurence of another event
independent events
two events, each of which occurs without having an effect on the probability of the occurrence of the other
dependent events
two events in which the occurrence of one alters the probability of the occurrence of the other
mutually exclusive or disjoint
denoting two sets that do not share any elements
AND rule
the probability of event A and event B occurring together
OR rule
the probability of either event A or event B occurring
theoretical set
a set of observations based on theory
empirical set
a set of observations based on experience
