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NUR312 Pharmacology > Chapters 68 - Childhood Immunizations > Flashcards

Chapters 68 - Childhood Immunizations Flashcards

1
Q

What is a preparation containing microorganisms?

What happens to the person’s immune system when this is administered?

A

Vaccine: A preparation containing microorganisms

When a vaccine is administered, the person’s immune system responds to the microorganisms by making antibodies against the microorganism

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2
Q

What is a prepared microorganisms that is completely dead (in regards to immunization)?

A

Dead Vaccine: microorganisms is completely dead

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3
Q

What is a prepared microorganism that is alive but weakened (in regards to immunization)?

Can this type of administration be dangerous? If so, to who?

A

Attenuated Vaccine: Microorganism is alive but weakened

These can be dangerous to individuals who have a weakened immune system

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4
Q

What is a bacterial toxin that has had its toxic properties removed (in regards to immunization)?

What does this do to the immune system (in regards to the toxin)?

A

Toxoid: A bacterial toxin that has its toxic properties removed

A Toxoid causes the immune system to develop antibodies against the toxin

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5
Q

What is type of immunity is an endogenous production of antibodies?

A

Active Immunity: Endogenous production of antibodies

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6
Q

What type of immunity is a direct administration of antibodies?

A

Passive Immunity: Direct administration of antibodies

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7
Q

What vaccinations (if taken by everyone) would completely eliminate its respective disease? (4)

A
  1. Diptheria
  2. Smallpox
  3. Poliomyelitis
  4. Rubella
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8
Q

What does the MMR vaccine stand for?

A

Measles, Mumps, Rubella

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9
Q

What are the side effects/contraindications/administration of the MMR Vaccine? (8)

A
  1. Local soreness, erythema, swelling
  2. Thrombocytopenia
  3. Anaphylaxis
  4. Eggs vs. Gelatin
  5. Contraindicated during pregnancy
  6. Postpone with moderate/severe fever
  7. Contraindicated for children with severe immunodeficiency disorders
  8. Administered subcutaneously
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10
Q

What does DTaP stand for?

A

Diptheria, Tetanus, and Pertussis

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11
Q

What are the side effects/contraindications/administration of the DTaP vaccine? (5)

A
  1. Local soreness, erythema, swelling
  2. Encephalopathy
  3. Postpone with moderate/severe fever
  4. Contraindicated if reaction to prior DTaP vaccination
  5. Administered IM
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12
Q

What are the side effects/contraindications/administration of the Poliovirus vaccine? (3)

A
  1. Local soreness, erythema, swelling
  2. No serious adverse effects
  3. Administered subcutaneously
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13
Q

What are the side effects/contraindications/administration of the Influenza B vaccine? (3)

A
  1. Local soreness, erythema, swelling
  2. No serious adverse effects
  3. Administered IM
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14
Q

What are the side effects/contraindications/administration of the Varicella vaccine? (8)

A
  1. Attenuated vaccine
  2. Local soreness, erythema, swelling
  3. Fever
  4. Mild rash
  5. Contraindicated during pregnancy
  6. Contraindicated for those immunocompromised
  7. Children should avoid aspirin for 6 weeks
  8. Administered IM
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15
Q

What are the side effects/contraindications/administration of the Hepatitis A vaccine? (4)

A
  1. Local soreness, Headache (HA)
  2. No serious adverse effects
  3. 2 doses
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16
Q

What are the side effects/contraindications/administration of the Hepatitis B vaccine? (5)

A
  1. Local soreness, Fever
  2. Contraindicated with prior severe reaction to earlier Hep B vaccination
  3. Contraindicated with severe reaction to “baker’s yeast”.
  4. Administered IM
  5. 3 doses
17
Q

What are the side effects/contraindications/administration of the Pneumococcal vaccine? (5)

A
  1. PCV 13 vs PCV 23 (variances)
  2. Local soreness, erythema, swelling
  3. Drowsiness, loss of appetite, fever, fussiness
  4. No serious adverse effects
  5. Administered IM
18
Q

What are the side effects/contraindications/administration of the Meningococcal vaccine? (4)

A
  1. Local soreness, erythema, swelling
  2. Headache (HA), fatigue
  3. Guillian-Barre syndrome is no longer considered a risk
  4. Administered IM
19
Q

What are the side effects/contraindications/administration of the Influenza vaccination? (10)

A
  1. Flu epidemic of 1918
  2. Annual vaccination is recommended
  3. Trivalent vs Quadrivalent
  4. Immunity lasts about 4-6 months
  5. Administered IM (dead) or intranasal (attenuated)
  6. IM route = local soreness, fever, myalgia, malaise
  7. Intranasal route: rhinorrhea, nasal congestion, cough, throat, Headache (HA), vomiting, muscle aches, fever
  8. possibly a very small risk for GBS
  9. Contraindicated with moderate to severe fever
  10. No longer contraindicated in individuals with allergy to eggs

NUR312 Pharmacology (7 decks)

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