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NUR312 Pharmacology > Chapter 86 Bacteriostatic Inhibitors of Protein Synthesis and 87 Aminoglycosides - Bacterial inhibitors of protein synthesis > Flashcards

Chapter 86 Bacteriostatic Inhibitors of Protein Synthesis and 87 Aminoglycosides - Bacterial inhibitors of protein synthesis Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 types of Tetracycline broad spectrum antibiotics?

A
  1. Tetracycline
  2. Demeclocycline
  3. Doxycycline
  4. Minocycline
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2
Q

What are the adverse effects when taking a Tetracycline drug? (5)

A
  1. GI Irritation
  2. Discoloration of teeth
  3. Superinfection
  4. Liver and Kidney damage
  5. Photosensitivity
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3
Q

What are the nursing considerations for Tetracylcline drugs? (3)

A
  1. Patient should not take with some antacids, laxatives, or milk products
  2. Medication should be taken on an empty stomach with a full glass of water
  3. Medication can affect digoxin and/or warfarin levels
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4
Q

Which broad spectrum antibiotic are large cells often used in place of Penicillin?

A

Macrolides

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5
Q

What are the three types of Macrolides? Are these considered safe or cautious antibiotics?

A
  1. Erythromycin
  2. Azithromycin
  3. Clarithromyocin

These are considered a very safe antibiotic!

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6
Q

What are the adverse effects for taking a Macrolide antibiotic? (2)

A
  1. GI Disturbances
  2. Sudden Cardiac Death
    - Should be avoided in patients taking some cardiac and/or HIV Medications
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7
Q

Which antibiotic used has associated risks, therefore it is reserved for only certain infections?

Such adverse effect could be CDAD. What is CDAD?

A

Clindamycin’s main adverse effect is Clostridium Difficile-Associated Diarrhea (CDAD). This is the most severe toxicity of Clindamycin to which is a superinfection of the bowel with C-Diff.

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8
Q

What are the clinical manifestations when taking the antibiotic, Clindamycin? (5)

A
  1. Profuse, watery diarrhea
  2. Abdominal pain
  3. Fever
  4. Leukocytosis
  5. Mucus and/or blood in stool
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9
Q

What is the patient at risk for with Clostridium Difficile-Associated Diarrhea (CDAD)? (6)

A
  1. Profuse and violent diarrhea
  2. Dehydration
  3. Electrolyte imbalance
  4. Disarrhythmia
  5. Cardiac Arrest
  6. Leukocytosis (high)
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10
Q

Which antibiotic is effective with infections that are resistant to other antibiotics such as MRSA and VRSA/VRE?

Should this medication be used for other conditions?

A

Linezolid is effective for treating MRSA and VRSA/VRE when other antibiotics can’t do so.

This medication should NOT be used for other conditions, so one doesn’t grow a resistance to it.

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11
Q

What are the adverse effects when taking the antibiotic, Linezolid? (6)

A
  1. Diarrhea
  2. Nausea
  3. HA
  4. Anemia
  5. Leukopenia
  6. Thrombocytopenia
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12
Q

Which antibiotic is used as a topical agent to treat MRSA in the nares?

How often is it applied?

A

Mupirocin or Bactroban is a topical antibiotic used to eliminate MRSA in the nares.

Mupirocin is applied 2x a day for 5 days

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13
Q

Which antibiotic is used to treat serious infections? This antibiotic is much cheaper than other ones.

A

Gentamicin

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14
Q

Which antibiotic should NOT be given with penicillin?

A

Gentamicin

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15
Q

What are the adverse effects for the antibiotic, Gentamicin? (2)

A
  1. Kidney damage

2. Ototoxicity

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16
Q

What are the clinical manifestations for the antibiotic, Gentamicin? (6)

A
  1. Tinnitus
  2. High-frequency hearing loss
  3. HA
  4. Nausea
  5. Dizziness
  6. Vertigo
17
Q

Which antibiotic is often used to treat Cystic Fibrosis?

A

Tobramycin

18
Q

What does Tobramycin do to help patient’s suffering from Cystic Fibrosis and how is it administered?

A

Suppresses chronic pulmonary infections - inhaled, preventing systemic absorption of the medication

19
Q

What are the adverse effects of taking the antibiotic, Tobramycin? (3)

A
  1. Kidney damage
  2. Ototoxicity
  3. Can result in C-diff
20
Q

Which antibiotic is active against the broadest spectrum of bacteria in the class of Aminoglycosides?

A

Amikacin

21
Q

Which antibiotic is seen to have far less resistance than gentamicin and tobramycin?

A

Amikacin

22
Q

Which antibiotic should be reserved for infections that are resistant to gentamicin and tobramycin?

A

Amikacin

23
Q

What are the adverse effects for the antibiotic, Amikacin? (2)

A
  1. Kidney damage

2. Ototoxicity

NUR312 Pharmacology (7 decks)

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