Chapters 6-9

Question 1

chemical reaction

Answer 1

a chemical change

Question 2

chemical equation

Answer 2

the chemicals shown before the reaction (reactants) are shown to the left of an arrow and the chemicals formed by the reaction (the products) are shown to the right of an arrow

Question 3

reactants

Answer 3

chemicals present before the reaction

Question 4

products

Answer 4

chemicals formed by the reaction, chemicals present after the reaction

Question 5

balancing the chemical equation

Answer 5

making sure that the equation for a reaction obeys the rule that atoms are neither created nor destroyed

Question 6

atoms are conserved in a chemical reaction

Answer 6

atoms are neither created nor destroyed, they are grouped differently. The same number of each type of atom is found among the reactants and the products

Question 7

the identities(formulas) of the compounds must never be changed in balancing a chemical equation

Answer 7

subscripts in a formula cannot be changed, nor can atoms be added to or subtracted from a formula

Question 8

coefficients

Answer 8

integers before a reactant or product

Question 9

precipitation

Answer 9

the formation of a solid

Question 10

precipitate

Answer 10

the solid that forms

Question 11

precipitation reaction

Answer 11

a reaction in which an insoluble substance forms and separates from the solution as a solid

Question 12

strong electrolyte

Answer 12

a material that, when dissolved in water, gives a solution that conducts an electric current very efficiently

Question 13

soluble solid

Answer 13

a solid that readily dissolves in water

Question 14

insoluble solid/slightly soluble solid

Answer 14

a solid where such a tiny amount dissolves in water that it is undetectable with the naked eye

Question 15

molecular equation

Answer 15

an equation that shows the complete formula of all reactants and products

Question 16

complete ionic equation

Answer 16

an equation that where all substances that are strong electrolytes are represented as ions

Question 17

spectator ions

Answer 17

ions which do not participate directly in a reaction in solution

Question 18

net ionic equation

Answer 18

includes only those components that are directly involved in the reaction

Question 19

acid

Answer 19

a substance that produces H+ ions (protons) when it is dissolved in water

Question 20

strong acid

Answer 20

an acid that completely dissociates (ionizes) to produce H+ ion and the conjugate base

Question 21

base

Answer 21

substance that produces hydroxide ions (OH-) in water

Question 22

strong bases

Answer 22

a metal hydroxide compound that completely dissociates into its ions in water

Question 23

salt

Answer 23

dissolved ionic compounds

Question 24

oxidation-reduction reaction

Answer 24

a reaction that involves a transfer of electrons

Question 25

precipitation reaction

Answer 25

the formation of a solid when two solutions are mixed

Question 26

double-displacement

Answer 26

associations are reversed

AB + CD –> AD + CB

Question 27

acid- base reactions

Answer 27

involves a H+ ion that ends up in the product water

Question 28

oxidation-reduction reaction

Answer 28

the process of electron transfer

Question 29

combustion reactions

Answer 29

chemical reaction that involve oxygen produce energy so rapidly that a flame results

Question 30

synthesis / combination reaction

Answer 30

when a given compound is formed from simpler materials

Question 31

decomposition reaction

Answer 31

when a compound is broken down into simpler compounds or to the component elements, this is usually accomplished by heating or by the application of an electric current