Chapters 5+6

Question 1

Equal Protection Clause

Answer 1

No State shall… deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws

Question 2

Discrimination

Answer 2

unjust/prejudicial treatment of different categories of people or things on the grounds of race, ethnicity, age, or sex

Question 3

Rational Basis Test, who is burden of proof on?

Answer 3

standard used by the courts to decide most forms of discrimination, burden of proof is on those challenging the law to demonstrate the lack of need for unfair treatment

Question 4

Intermediate Scrutiny (Basis Test), who is burden of proof on?

Answer 4

standard used by courts in gender/sex discrimination cases, burden of proof on government

Question 5

Strict Scrutiny, burden of proof?

Answer 5

Used to decide cases of discrimination based on race, ethnicity, national origin, or religion; burden is on government

Question 6

Affirmative action

Answer 6

government programs and policies designed to benefit members of groups historically subject to discrimination

Question 7

The Reconstruction Amendments

Answer 7

intended to prevent states from enacting black code laws
-13th, 14th, and 15th

Question 8

13th Amendment

Answer 8

abolished slavery and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for crime

Question 9

14th amendment

Answer 9

ensured national and state citienship of former slaves, equal protection

Question 10

Jim Crow Era

Answer 10

emphasis on promoting racial segregation and undermining black voting rights

Question 11

Disenfranchisement (4 examples)

Answer 11

revocation/impediment of an individuals right to vote thru literacy tests, understanding tests, poll taxes, and white-only primaries

Question 12

Segregation

Answer 12

system of laws and practices to keep different groups apart

Question 13

Brown v. Board of Education

Answer 13

ruled that segregation children in public schools on the basis of race was unconstitutional

Question 14

Civil Rights Act of 1964

Answer 14

outlawed government discrimination and the unequal application of voting qualifications by race

Question 15

Womens Suffrage Movement

Answer 15

campaigned for women’s right to vote began in the mid 1840’s

Question 16

Political Socialization

Answer 16

process of learning norms and practices of a political system through others and institutions

Question 17

Political Ideology

Answer 17

attitudes and beliefs that shape our opinion on political theory and policy

Question 18

Overt content

Answer 18

political information that the author makes clear is one-sided

Question 19

Convert content

Answer 19

political information that is presented as unbiased but is actually slanted

Question 20

Gun vs Butter debate

Answer 20

Ideology that favors a larger military and smaller social benefits instead of the opposite

Question 21

Polling methodology

Answer 21

identify a topic, survey population/sample, prepare valid questions, contact respondents, complete number of responses, analyze data, report data

Question 22

Margin of Error

Answer 22

number that states how far the poll results may be from the actual opinion

Question 23

Polling problems

Answer 23

lack of respondent knowledge, social pressures, sample errors, manipulation, data analysis error, high margin of error

Question 24

What affects Personal political opinion?

Answer 24

attitudes, beliefs, political socialization, identity, life experience, education, family