Chapters 4-6 Flashcards
What are animals without backbones called?
Invertebrates
What are invertebrates?
animals without backbones
In what five ways are invertebrates alike?
- They have no backbone.
- They usually have weak muscles.
- They usually are small animals with soft bodies.
- If they do have skeletons, the skeletons are on the outside of their bodies for strength and protection.
- They are cold-blooded.
Where are the skeletons of an invertebrate, if they have one?
the outside of their body
Are invertebrates warm-blooded or cold-blooded?
cold-blooded
What happens to an invertebrate if the temperature becomes too hot or too cold?
it dies
Do invertebrate move fast or slow on cold days?
slow
Do invertebrates move fast or slow on hot days?
fast
What do invertebrates feel with?
little hairs on their legs or feet
What are the sharp little projections on the side of an earthworm called?
setae
What are the arm on an octopus called?
tentacles
What does camouflage mean?
to change colors to match surroundings
What is the special tube that an octopus squeezes water through?
siphon
How many arms does an octopus have?
8
What are the special feet that starfish walk on called?
tube feet
Why do fisherman dislike starfish?
starfish eat clams and oysters
What happens if a starfish loses an arm?
it grows back
Which part of the insect contains its brain, antennae, eyes, and mouth parts?
head
Which part of the insect is the “motor room”
thorax
Which part of the insect contains the heart and stomach?
abdomen
What are the tiny holes along the side of an insects abdomen called?
spiracles
What are the four stages of complete metamorphosis for an insect?
- egg
- larva
- pupa
- adult
What does the insect use its spiracles for?
breath
What is a compound eye?
thousands of eyes fitted closely together to make one eye.
What is another name for an insect’s feelers?
antennae
What are the insect’s main sense organ?
antennae
How do insects taste food?
with their feet
Can all insects hear?
no
Name several helpful insects
bees, ladybugs, praying mantis
How are bees helpful?
they pollinate fruit trees and flowers
to cause to look like surroundings for protection
camouflage
to look very much like something else
mimcry
young spiders
spiderlings
the wind catches the thread a spiderling is attached to and carries the spider away
ballooning
Why is the twig caterpillar a good example of camouflage?
it looks like a twig
How many legs do spiders have?
8
What is mimicry
to look very much like someone else
How does a kangaroo rat get water?
eats dry seeds and uses the little bit of moisture found in the seeds
How does a jack rabbit get water?
licks the dew off the plants in the early morning and evening
How does the desert tortoise get water?
He eats cactus and other plants that store water
How often does it usually rain in the desert?
once or twice a year
How do plants get water in the desert?
When it rains the roots quickly drink up a much water as it can and stores it for a long time.
What do thorns and stickers do for desert plants?
Help keep the water in
What are three things to remember about life in the desert?
- Both plants and animals have special ways of getting water.
- They have special ways of storing water.
- Desert animals have special homes to keep them cool during the day.
Where do birds make their nests?
cactus plants
where do some snakes including the desert rattlesnake live?
crevices of rocks
the study of the ocean
oceanography
scientists who study the ocean
oceanographers
to look carefully
observe
a test or trial
experiment
substances from the earth that are made up of material that was never alive
minerals
to break into tiny pieces and become part of a liquid
dissolve
the tiny floating plants and animals of the sea
plankton
one kind of plankton that is made up of tiny green plants
algae
a series of plants and animals, each depending upon the next member in the series for food.
food chain
What does every food chain begin with?
a green plant
underwater radar
sonar
an island built by tiny invertebrates
coral reef
matter that settles to the bottom of a liquid
sediment
What are 3 things to remember about the ocean?
- There is almost three times as much water as their is land.
- Without water, there would be no life.
- Scientist who study the ocean are called oceanographers
What kind of minerals would you expect to find in the ocean?
any mineral found on land
salt, calcium
What are rocks made up of?
minerals
Why is the ocean becoming saltier?
As rivers flow towards the ocean, their waters pass swiftly over rocks and soil. The minerals in the rocks and soil very slowly dissolve.
What does dissolve mean?
to break into tiny pieces and become part of a liquid
What does a baleen whale depend upon for food?
plankton
What are plankton
tiny floating plants and animals of the sea
Where do Ospreys fall in their food chain?
at the end
What are the rocky little hollows along the shore of a sea called?
tide pools
Why is the ocean salty?
God made it that way
Name a mammal of the sea
whale
Name two invertebrate of the sea
squid, octopus, jellyfish
What equipment helps scientist map the ocean floor?
sonar equipment
What island was formed by a volcano?
Surtsey Island
What animals build islands?
corals
What covers the sea floor in many places?
sediment
