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History (8th Grade) > Chapters 4 & 5 (8th Grade) > Flashcards

Chapters 4 & 5 (8th Grade) Flashcards

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1
Q

Who was the first President of the United States?

A

George Washington

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2
Q

The ceremony in which a President is put into office is known as a(n)..

A

inauguration

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3
Q

What was the first capital of the United States?

A

New York City

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4
Q

The President’s advisers are known as the…

A

Cabinet

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5
Q

The President, Vice President and the cabinet together make up the…

A

Administration

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6
Q

Who was named Washington’s Secretary of the Treasury?

A

Alexander Hamilton

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7
Q

What did Hamilton propose to make money for the US government?

A

Three-step plan; tariffs, a national bank, and the government would pay their debts

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8
Q

What is another term for a tax on imported goods?

A

Tariff

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9
Q

What law created the national court system?

A

Judiciary Act of 1789

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10
Q

In his farewell address, Washington warned against political parties and US involvement in..

A

Europe/foreign affairs

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11
Q

What type of people rebelled during the Whiskey Rebellion?

A

Farmers

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12
Q

Who was the leader of the Federalists?

A

Alexander Hamilton

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13
Q

Who was the leader of the Republicans?

A

Thomas Jefferson

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14
Q

Which political party OPPOSED the French Revolution?

A

Federalists

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15
Q

Which political party believed in an agricultural society?

A

Republicans

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16
Q

Which political party favored an industrial society?

A

Federalists

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17
Q

What political party believed in a strict constitutional interpretation?

A

Republicans

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18
Q

What political party believed in a loose constitutional interpretation?

A

Federalists

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19
Q

Who won the presidential election of 1796?

A

John Adams

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20
Q

Native Americans gave up most of present-day Ohio under the…

A

Treaty of Greenville

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21
Q

Sailors being seized by the British on the high seas was known as…

A

impressment

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22
Q

Criticizing the US government became illegal under what law?

A

Sedition Act

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23
Q

The Alien Act increased citizenship requirements to __ years.

A

14

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24
Q

What political party was targeted by the Sedition Act?

A

Republicans

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25
Q

Who won the Election of 1800?

A

Thomas Jefferson

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26
Q

Where did the national capital move to in 1800?

A

Washington D.C.

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27
Q

What river runs through the national capital?

A

Potomac River

28
Q

Who was the architect of the national capital?

A

Pierre L’Enfant

29
Q

In case of a tie in electoral votes in a presidential election, who breaks that tie?

A

House of Representatives

30
Q

What does “laissez faire” mean?

A

The government should not interfere in the economy.

31
Q

What is judicial review?

A

Authority of the Supreme Court to strike down unconstitutional laws.

32
Q

What court case established the judicial branch in the US government?

A

Madison v. Marbury

33
Q

What rivers intersect just north of St. Louis, Missouri?

A

Mississippi River

34
Q

In 1803, what country secretly gave France the Louisiana Territory?

A

Spain

35
Q

Who was the leader of France?

A

Napolean Bonaparte

36
Q

How much did the Louisiana Territory cost the United States?

A

$15 million/4 cents per acre

37
Q

What did the Louisiana Purchase do to the size of the United States?

A

Doubled the size

38
Q

What is an expedition?

A

A long and carefully organized journey

39
Q

Who led a US expedition into the Louisiana Territory?

A

Meriwether Lewis & William Clark

40
Q

What were the strengths of Lewis?

A

Outdoors; knew about flora & fauna

41
Q

What were the strengths of Clark?

A

Drew maps (cartographer) & took photos

42
Q

What was the missions given to Lewis and Clark by President Jefferson?

A

To report back on the geography, flora, fauna, and other natural features of the region; make contact with Native Americans west of the Mississippi; find out if a waterway existed between the Mississippi River and the Pacific Ocean

43
Q

What Native American (Shoshone) assisted Lewis and Clark on their journey?

A

Sacagawea

44
Q

What is the continental divide?

A

The place on a continent that separates river systems flowing in opposite directions

45
Q

What is tribute?

A

A forced payment from one country to another

46
Q

Where did the US Marines go to in the early 1800s to stop piracy in the Mediterranean Sea area?

A

Tripoli

47
Q

What does neutrality mean?

A

Not favoring either side in a dispute

48
Q

What is an embargo?

A

A government order that forbids foreign trade

49
Q

What did the Embargo Act do?

A

American exports fell from $109 million to & $25 million. Prices of American crops declined, hurting farmers and planters. Tens of thousands of Americans lost their jobs.

50
Q

Who urged the Native American resistance in the western areas?

A

Tecumseh & the Prophet (Tenskwatawa)

51
Q

Who led an army into the Indiana Territory to defeat the Native Americans?

A

William Henry Harrison, governor of the Indiana Territory

52
Q

What is nationalism?

A

Pride in one’s country

53
Q

What were War Hawks?

A

Those who were eager for war with Britain

54
Q

Name two famous War Hawks.

A

John C. Calhoun & Henry Clay

55
Q

What is a blockade?

A

The action of shutting a port or road to prevent people or supplies from coming into an area or leaving it.

56
Q

What battleship won a major sea battle during the War of 1812?

A

Constitution (US) beat the Guerriere (Britain)

57
Q

When the British attacked Washington D.C., what did they do?

A

They set fire to the White House and government buildings.

58
Q

While the White House was on fire, who ran out of the building with a portrait of George Washington?

A

Dolley Madison

59
Q

What outpost did the British attack in Baltimore, Maryland?

A

Fort McHenry

60
Q

During the Battle of Baltimore, the Star Spangled Banner was written by…

A

Francis Scott Key

61
Q

Where did the final battle of the War of 1812 take place?

A

New Orleans

62
Q

Who led the Americans in that battle?

A

Andrew Jackson

63
Q

What were the results of that battle?

A

The British lost & the Americans won

64
Q

Who met at the Hartford Convention and why were these people upset?

A

A group of Federalists; they didn’t want war with England

65
Q

What does the term secede mean?

A

Withdraw

History (8th Grade) (2 decks)

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