Chapters 31, 35, and 34 Flashcards
Cerebrospinal Fluid
A clear fluid that surrounds the brain and spinal chord
Meninges
Layers of tissue protecting the brain/ They include the dura, arachnoid, and pia mater
Cerebrum
Part of the brain controlling consciousness and sensory functions, emotions, and personality
Cerebellum
Part of the brain controlling equilibrium and muscle coordination
Brainstem
Part of the brain that controls most automatic functions of the body
Concussion
Mild injury that causes temporary loss of brain function
Contusion
Injury that causes bruising or swelling of the brain
Subdural Hematoma
Bleeding between the brain and dura mater
Epidural Hematoma
Bleeding between the dura mater and skull
Laceration
A wound that penetrates the brain
Heniation
Compression and pushing of the brain through the foramen magnum
Flexion Posturing
A posture in which the patient arches the back and flexes the arms inward toward the chest. A sign of serious head injury. Aka decorticate posturing
Extension Posturing
A posture in which the patient arches the back and extends the arms straight out parallel to the body. A sign of serious head injury. Aka decerebrate posturing
Consensual Reflex
Same or similar reaction of the unstimulated pupil when the other pupil is stimulated, as when light is shined into one pupil and both pupils contract
Raccoon Sign
Discoloration of tissue around eye suggestive of basilar skull injury
Battle Sign
Discoloration of the mastoid suggesting basilar skull fracture
Cushing Reflex
Syndrome of increased systolic pressure, decreased heart rate, and changed respiratory pattern indiction severe head injury
Diplopia
Double vision
Retrograde Amnesia
Inability to remember circumstances prior to an incident
Anterograde Amnesia
Inability to remember circumstances after an incident
Peritoneal Space
The anterior abdominal cavity that houses the majority of the abdominal organs
Retroperintoneal Cavity
The space located behind the peritoneal cavity
Peritonitis
Irritation and inflammation of the abdominal lining
Kehr Sign
Severe shoulder pain referred from a hemorrhaging injury within the abdominal cavity
Abdominal Evisceration
Abdominal organ protrusion through an open wound
Pneumothorax
Air in the pleural space causing collapse of the lung
Sucking Chest Wound
An open wound to the chest that permits air to enter into the thoracic cavity
Tension Pneumothorax
Severe buildup of air and pressure in the thoracic cavity
Flail Segment
Two of more adjacent ribs that are fractured in two or more places and thus move independently from the rest of the rib cage
Paradoxical Motion
A section of the chest that moves in the opposite direction to the rest of the chest during the phases of respiration. Typically seen with a flail segment
Pulmonary Contusion
Bleeding within the lung tissue that causes a disturbance in gas exchange between the alveoli and the capillaries
Open Pnuemothorax
An open wound to the chest that allows air to enter the pleural space and cause a collapsed lung
Hemothorax
Blood in the pleural space, causing a collapsed lung
Traumatic Asphyxia
Severe and sudden compression of the thorax that causes a rapid increase in the pressure within the chest
Cardiac Contusion
A cardiac injury following severe blunt trauma to the chest where the heart is violently compressed between the sternum and the spinal column, causing a bruise to the heart wall
Commotio Cordis
Sudden cardiac arrest that results from a projectile, such as a baseball, striking the anterior chest
Pericardial Tamponade
Blood or Fluid filling the fibrous sac around the heart, causing compression of the heart
Hemoptysis
Coughing up blood or blood stained sputnum
