Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

General Psychology > Chapters 3-5 > Flashcards

Chapters 3-5 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Psychology flashcards Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

Is classical conditioning voluntary or involuntary?

A

Classical conditioning is involuntary.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Avoiding a consequence is ____.

A

Negative reinforcement.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Sensation is the activation of receptors located in…

A

The eyes, the ears, the skin, the nasal cavities, and the tongue.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is Webbers law of just noticeable differences?

A

A point at which a stimulus is detectable half of the time it’s present.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is absolute threshold?

A

The smallest amount of energy that causes conscious detection 50% of the time.
Example: the ticking of a clock, candlelight. Perfume. Sugars in food.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is stimuli just below our level of conscious awareness?

A

Subliminal messages.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

When the brain stops responding to constant unchanging stimuli it becomes a….

A

Habit.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Detects changes in brightness and functions best in low light

A

Rods.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Sensitive to color and works best and bright light and is also responsible for the sharpness of information.

A

Cones.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The trichromatic theory suggests that ….

A

We only see in combinations of red blue and green.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The opponent process theory suggests that…

A

Color perception is controlled by the activity of two opponent systems: blue yellow mechanism and a red green mechanism.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

In color blindness you see..

A

No color at all.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

With color deficiency you have…

A

Limited color perception.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the three sound aspects of hearing?

A

Pitch (frequency), loudness, and timbre (purity).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the place theory of sound?

A

It states that the location of the hair cells inside of her ear correspond to different pitches of sound.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the frequency theory of sound?

A

The speed in which the membranes in our ear respond to pitches of sound.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is olfaction?

A

Sense of smell.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is gustation?

A

Our sense of taste.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

The gestalt principle states that…

A

The whole is bigger than the sum of its parts.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Depth perception is the ability to…

A

See in 3-D.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The tendency to perceive objects or situations in a particular way because of past experiences is known as..

A

Perceptual set or expectancy.

22
Q

Using pre-existing knowledge to organize individual features into a unified whole is known as…

A

Top down processing.

23
Q

Analyzing smaller features, building up into a complete perception is known as..

A

Bottom up processing.

24
Q

Perceptions that do not correspond to reality or are extortions of visual stimuli are…

A

Illusions.

25
Q

A person’s awareness of everything that is going on at any given moment is…

A

Consciousness.

26
Q

Shifts in the quality or pattern of mental activity are known as.

A

Altered states.

27
Q

What theory states that sleep provides the body an opportunity to restore chemicals that have been depleted during the day as well as the growth and repair of cellular tissue?

A

The restorative theory.

28
Q

The sleep wake cycle is…

A

A circadian rhythm.

29
Q

The adaptive theory of sleep is…

A

Is the theory that sleep is a product of evolution.

30
Q

What sleep stage has light sleep, vivid visual events, are unaware of sleep, and hypnic jerks?

A

Stage one.

31
Q

In what stage does body temperature cool, heart rate slow, breathing begins to become slow and irregular?

A

Stage two.

32
Q

In what stage(s) of sleep is it hard to awaken, is known for deep sleep, has confusion when awoken, and is known for REM?

A

Stages three and four.

33
Q

How many times does the REM cycle of sleep occur each night?

A

4 to 5.

34
Q

And what stage of sleep does sleepwalking and sleep talking occur?

A

Stage four.

35
Q

What are the six different sleep disorders?

A

Night terrors, nightmares, insomnia, sleep apnea, narcolepsy and REM behavior disorder.

36
Q

What is sleep apnea?

A

When someone never gets the REM cycle of sleep.

37
Q

What is REM behavior disorder?

A

When sleepwalking and violence trashes occur because paralysis doesn’t set in

38
Q

What psychologist was obsessed with sleep and came up with a theory of why we dream?

A

Freud.

39
Q

What is the manifest content of a dream?

A

The actual content of the dream.

40
Q

What is the latent content of a dream?

A

The symbolism or hidden meaning of a dream.

41
Q

What is the purpose of a psychoactive drug?

A

To alter thinking, perception and memory.

42
Q

What psycho active drugs are known to be stimulants?

A

Nicotine, crystal meth, and natural cocaine.

43
Q

What types of psychoactive drugs are known to be depressants?

A

Alcohol and Valium.

44
Q

What type of psychoactive drugs are known to be narcotics?

A

Opium, morphine and heroin.

45
Q

What psychoactive drugs are known to be hallucinogenic’s?

A

LSD, PCP, ecstasy and natural marijuana.

46
Q

Behaviorism is what perspective?

A

The learning perspective.

47
Q

Learning that elicits an involuntary reflex response to stimulus other than the original natural stimulus that normally proceeds a reflex.

A

Classical conditioning.

48
Q

Emotional response that has become classically conditioned to occur to learned stimuli

A

Conditioned emotional responses.

49
Q

What is the classical conditioning of a reflex, response, or emotion by watching the reaction of another person?

A

Vicarious conditioning.

50
Q

What is any behavior that is voluntary?

A

Operant conditioning.

51
Q

Primary reinforcers are…

A

Naturally reinforcing and meet a basic biological need (food, sleep, shelter)

52
Q

Is operant conditioning voluntary or involuntary?

A

It is voluntary.

General Psychology (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions