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APUSH > Chapters 3-4 > Flashcards

Chapters 3-4 Flashcards

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AP® U.S. History flashcards
1
Q

This British king expanded power into Asia and America

A

King Charles II

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2
Q

What Portuguese princess did this king marry

A

Catherine of Braganza

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3
Q

In this marraige, what land did he aquire

A

islands of Bombay (Mumbai)

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4
Q

In 1663, where did he send 8 noblemen to set up new outposts in America

A

the Carolinas

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5
Q

Where was Carolina long claimed by and who populated the area

A

spain…..indians

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6
Q

colonies given out by Charles II to propiters

A

Restoration Colonies

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7
Q

Who controlled VA in the 1660s

A

royal

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8
Q

Who controlled Maryland in 1660s

A

lord propiteer

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9
Q

Restoration colonies

A

Carolina, New York, New Jersey, and PA

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10
Q

who were the proprietorors

A

Carolina and NJ grantees, William Penn, and Duke of York

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11
Q

How were propiteers allowed to rule

A

rule them as they wise, as long as their laws were broadly like Englands

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12
Q

How did James II rule NY

A

no elected ass. ruled by decree

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13
Q

What did the propiteers of Carolina envision

A

a traditional European society

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14
Q

legally established Church of England and manorial system in North Carolina, goverend by nobles

A

Fundamental Constitutions of carolina (1669)

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15
Q

Did the manorial system work

A

no

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16
Q

Who were the first settlers to North Carolina

A

poor families and runaway servants from VA and England

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17
Q

an equality minded sect that saw no difference between a gentleman and laborer

A

quakers

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18
Q

quakers were also know as

A

society of friends

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19
Q

refusing to work on large manors, Carolinan settlers raised

A

corn, hogs, and tobbacco on modest family farms

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20
Q

What did the Carolinan settlers rebel against in 1677

A

taxes on tobaaco and taxes for the Anglican church

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21
Q

what forced the propiteers to lose hope on a feudal society

A

stuborn independence

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22
Q

Where did settlers to SC come from

A

barbados

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23
Q

What did SC farmers use to help them on their farms, like what they did in barbados

A

NA and Af slaves

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24
Q

What did SC farmers plant/raise and where did they export it to

A

cattle/crops/west indies

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25
Q

Carolinan merchants offered a trade in what

A

deer skins/NA slaves

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26
Q

1700 - SC farmers hit upon ___ _______

A

rice cultivation

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27
Q

What created good rice conditions

A

swampy

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28
Q

Due to the big amount of slaves in the Carolinas, what happened to the population?

A

It grew

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29
Q

How much did blacks outnumber whites

A

2/3s of pop

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30
Q

William Penn’s purpose

A

to create a neo-European settlement

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31
Q

Why did Charles II give William Penn the land

A

to repay debt he owed to his father

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32
Q

Where did Penn own estates

A

Ireland and England

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33
Q

Penn was a

A

quaker

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34
Q

Quakers condemed

A

extravagence

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35
Q

Why were quakers persecuted

A

did not want to serve in mil/did not want to pay taxes to Church of England

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36
Q

Like Puritans, Quakers

A

sought to restore christianity to spirituality

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37
Q

Unlike Calvinists, they thought salvations was not for

A

a small elect

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38
Q

Quakers followed

A

George Fox and margret Fell

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39
Q

Fox and Fell claimed everybody had

A

an inner light

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40
Q

How many women served as quaker ministers in the colonies

A

350

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41
Q

How were PA relations with the Indians

A

Penn wanted colonists to sit down lovingly with the Indians; bought land from them rather than stole it

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42
Q

what sects of Indians did Penn sit down with

A

Deleware and Susquahanna (Irquois Confed)

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43
Q

Penn’s Frame of Gov

A

applied radical quaker beliefs to gov. provented legally established church, promoting political equality by allowing all property owning men to vote/hold office

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44
Q

who mostly came to Pennslyvania

A

yeoman families

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45
Q

Where did Penn publish pamflits to that advertised cheao land and religious tolerance

A

Germany

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46
Q

Where were the migrants from that founded Germantown, outside of Philly

A

saxtony

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47
Q

what made pennslyvania the most open and democratic of the restoration colonies

A

ethnic diversity, pacifism, and freedom of conscience

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48
Q

Why did England want agricultural goods to be sent to English ports

A

to gain economic benefits

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49
Q

What acts required that goods be carried on ships owned by English

A

Navigation act of 1651

50
Q

What modifcations were made to the Navagation acts

A

Colonies could only import Euro goods from English ports and they could only ship sugar and tobacco only to England

51
Q

How many crew members had to be English

A

3/4

52
Q

imposed a plantation duty on American exports of tobacco and sugar

A

Revenue Act of 1673

53
Q

Did the Navigations Acts help

A

Not really, imported sugar and molesses from French West Indies and continued to trade with Dutch

54
Q

What did King James want

A

stricter control over the colonies and targeted NE for his reforms

55
Q

When Lords of Trade revoked Charters of Connecicut, and Rhode Island and merged them with MA Bay and Plymouth, they created

A

Dominion of New England

56
Q

Who did James II apoint gov of Dom of NE

A

Sir Edmund Andros

57
Q

Sir Edmund Andros was a

A

hard-edged former military officer

58
Q

What colonies were later added to the Dominion

A

NY and NJ

59
Q

Andros banned

A

town meetings

60
Q

What things did James II do to piss of England

A

ignore parliament, revoke charters of English towns, and practice Catholicism

61
Q

What party opposed James

A

Whig

62
Q

who took James’s place

A

Dutch prince William of Orange

63
Q

What did Decleration of Rights suport

A

more power for house of commons

64
Q

what did whigs want

A

political power, levy taxes, reside in hands of gentry, merchants, and other property owners

65
Q

John Loke said people need to have

A

life, liberty, and property

66
Q

What happended to Andros

A

2,000 milita men seized him and shipped him back to England

67
Q

What happened to Dom of NE

A

broke up, turned into new royal colony

68
Q

What did this new royal colony do

A

allow king to appoint gov/officials, gave vote to all property owning men, and eliminate restrictions of church of england

69
Q

What did a rebellion in Maryland do

A

ousted catholic gov

70
Q

When and why did the proprietorship of Maryland get handed back to Calvert family

A

1715, fourth lord of Baltimore converted to Anglicanism

71
Q

Who led a rebellion against Dom of NE in New York

A

Jacob Liesler

72
Q

What happened to Jacob

A

When Henry Sloughter was appointed gov of New York, Liesler was indicted, hung, and decapitated

73
Q

William and Mary ruled as

A

consitutional monarchs

74
Q

promoted empire. based on commerce

A

consitutional monarchs

75
Q

oversea colonial affairs

A

board of trade

76
Q

Why did William want England

A

for resources in Euro wars

77
Q

What began the 2nd hundred years wars

A

War of the Leauge of Augsburg

78
Q

What ended 2nd hundred years war

A

defeat of Napoleon at Waterloo

79
Q

How did this fighting benefit America

A

brough money to area

80
Q

covenatn chain

A

A series of alliances and treaties developed during the seventeenth century, primarily between the Iroquois Confederacy (Haudenosaunee) and the British colonies of North America, with other Indian tribes added. Became a model for relations between the British Empire and other Native American peoples.

81
Q

South Alantic System

A

Britain’s new commercial focus on growth of production of Sugar,tobacco, rice and other tropical and subtropical products for the international market. Based on plantation societies that were run by European planter-merchants and worked by hundreds of thousands of enslaved Africans.

82
Q

the magnum opus of the Scottish economist and moral philosopher Adam Smith.

A

Wealth of Nations

83
Q

were parts of African life forever

A

Warfare and slaving

84
Q

Where was enslaving a way of life in Africa

A

Dahomey

85
Q

Middle Passage

A

Enslaved Africans were forced into over-packed ships to go across Atlantic. Lots of them died on this terrible journey.

86
Q

Stono rebellion

A
  1. The largest slave uprising in mainland colonies. South Carolina. Illustrated impossibility of success for slaves. Catholic governor of Spanish Florida instigated revolt by promising freedom to fugitive slave. It ultimately failed and South Carolinians cut slave imports and tightened plantation discipline.
87
Q

What did MA, NC, NJ, and PA do when the kings said they must give a royal gov. a permanate sal

A

ignored him

88
Q

Who were members of colonial asses

A

elite

89
Q

salutory neglect

A

The allowance of American self-government as royal bureaucrats as long as trade was growing and import duties were being paid. from Robert Walpole

90
Q

patronage

A

Practice of giving offices and salaries to political allies allowed Walpole to gain power for his party who forced higher taxes for the colonists. In response Americans saw this as a loss of legitimacy for the English government and colonists would start strengthening powers of the representative assemblies laying the foundation for the American independent movement.

91
Q

land banks

A

Lent paper money to farmers who pledged their land as collateral for the loans. Farmers used the currency to buy tools or livestock or to pay creditors, thereby stimulating trade. Colonial governments tried to do the same by printing paper currency as well but this just devalued all the currency so 1751 parliament passed Currency Act which barred New England colonies for making new land banks and prohibited use of publicly issued paper money to pay private debts.

92
Q

tenancy

A

The rental of property. To attract tenants in New York’s Hudson River Valley, Dutch and English manorial lords granted long tenancy leases, with the right to sell improvements - houses and barns, for example - to the next tenant.

93
Q

Household mode of production

A

The system of exchanging goods and labor that helped eighteenth-century New England freeholders survive on ever-shrinking farms as available land became more scarce.

94
Q

redemtionor

A

A common type of indentured servant in the Middle colonies in the eighteenth century. Unlike other indentured servants, redemptioners did not sign a contract before leaving Europe. Instead, they found employers after arriving in America.

95
Q

squatter

A

Someone who settles on land he or she does not own or rent. Many eighteenth-century settlers established themselves on land before it was surveyed and entered for sale, requesting the first right to purchase the land when sales began

96
Q

How did middle colonies enforce good behavior

A

self-disipline

97
Q

Who came to middle colonies

A

scots/irish/germans

98
Q

Germans ______ and ______ tried to form a general confederacy with scot/irish _______

A

lutherens/baptists/presbratarians

99
Q

enlightenment

A

An eighteenth-century philosophical movement that emphasized the use of reason to reevaluate previously accepted doctrines and traditions and the power of reason to understand and shape the world

100
Q

Pietism

A

A Christian revival movement characterized by Bible study, the conversion experience, and the individual’s personal relationship with God. It began as an effort to reform the German Lutheran Church in the mid-seventeenth century and became widely influential in Britain and its colonies in the eighteenth century.

101
Q

John Locke wrote

A

Essay Concerning Human Understanding

Two Treatises of Government

102
Q

natural rights

A

life, liberty, and property

103
Q

Cotton Mather

A

prayed to god during outbreak, unsucessful, slave told him to look into science

104
Q

Things ben Franklyn made

A

PA gazette, Poor Richards alminac

105
Q

Ben Franklyn was a

A

diest

106
Q

diesim

A

The Enlightenment-influenced belief that the Christian God created the universe and then left it to run according to natural laws.

107
Q

John Peter Zenger

A

was a German American printer and journalist in New York City. Zenger printed The New York Weekly Journal. He was accused of libel in 1734 by William Cosby, the royal governor of New York, but the jury acquitted Zenger, who became a symbol for freedom of the press.

108
Q

Jonathan Edwards

A

Jonathan Edwards, a minister in Northampton, Massachusetts, encouraged a revival there that spread to towns throughout the Connecticut River Valley. Edwards guided and observed the process and then published an account entitled A Faithful Narrative of the Surprising Work of God, printed first in London (1737), then in Boston (1738), and then in German and Dutch translations. Its publication history highlights the transatlantic network of correspondents that gave Pietism much of its vitality. English minister George Whitefield transformed the local revivals of Edwards and the Tennents into a Great Awakening.

109
Q

George Whitefield

A

English minister George Whitefield transformed the local revivals of Edwards and the Tennents into a Great Awakening. After Whitefield had his personal awakening upon reading the German Pietists, he became a follower of John Wesley, the founder of English Methodism. In 1739, Whitefield carried Wesley’s fervent message to America, where he attracted huge crowds from Georgia to Massachusetts

110
Q

Old Lights

A

Conservative ministers opposed to the passion displayed by evangelical preachers; they preferred to emphasize the importance of cultivating a virtuous Christian life

111
Q

New LIghts

A

Evangelical preachers, many of them influenced by John Wesley, the founder of English Methodism, and George Whitefield, the charismatic itinerant preacher who brought his message to Britain’s American colonies. They decried a Christian faith that was merely intellectual and emphasized the importance of a spiritual rebirth.

112
Q

Albany Congress

A

1754 meeting of representatives of seven colonies to coordinate their efforts against French and Native American threats in the Western frontier regions.

113
Q

french and indian war

A

conflict in Ohio Valley, French claimed. Natives driven out by Brit allied iriquois confederacy, Delewares and Shawnees were kicked out. Washington led army to investigate, found out Ohio River Valley Indians were allied with French. Tanaghrisson killed a French man at the attack to make sure there would be a war. Washington’s party later defeated by bigger French party

114
Q

Iriqouis Confederacy was unhappy because

A

Everybody was acting in Ohio valley without their consent and more people were moving on their land

115
Q

William Pitt

A

During the Seven Years War, he knew that losing to the French was not an option and opted that Britain should go into debt before losing to the French

116
Q

Fort Duquesne

A

was a fort established by the French in 1754, at the confluence of the Allegheny and Monongahela rivers. It was later taken over by the English, and later Americans, and developed as Pittsburgh in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania.

117
Q

Battle of Quebec

A

On September 13, 1759, the British under General James Wolfe (1727-59) achieved a dramatic victory when they scaled the cliffs over the city of Quebec to defeat French forces under Louis-Joseph de Montcalm on the Plains of Abraham (an area named for the farmer who owned the land)

118
Q

Potanic

A

Led Rebellion in Detroit, inspired by the words of Neolin, another Native leader. his rebellion sparked the uprisings across the Great lakes and Ohio Country

119
Q

Treaty of Paris

A

The 1763 Treaty of Paris ended the Seven Years War in Europe and the parallel French and Indian War in North America. Under the treaty, Britain won all of Canada and almost all of the modern United States east of the Mississippi

120
Q

Paxton Boys

A

A mob of Pennsylvania Scots-Irish Immigrants who led a revolt to protest colonial policies towards Native Americans

121
Q

regulators

A

Landowning protesters who organized in North and South Carolina in the 1760s and 1770s to demand that the eastern-controlled government provide western districts with more courts, fairer taxation, and greater representation in the assembly

122
Q

consumer revolution

A

time period during which the desire for exotic imports increased dramatically due to economic expansion and population growth

APUSH (6 decks)

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